宜宾市大气细颗粒水溶性离子污染特征研究  

The Pollution Characteristics of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions of PM_(2.5) in Yibin

作　　者：邓利群[1] 钱骏[1] 佟洪金[1] 袁小燕[1] 吴建军 DENG Li-qun;QIAN Jun;TONG Hong-jin;YUAN Xiao-yan;WU Jian-jun(Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Yi Bin Environmental Monitoring Center,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省环境保护科学研究院,成都610041 [2]宜宾市环境监测中心站,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《四川环境》2018年第6期48-54,共7页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0208800);四川省环境保护科技计划项目"川南地区城市群灰霾污染防控研究"

摘　　要：在川南地区的宜宾市开展了大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))浓度及组分的季节观测分析,结果表明,采样点的PM_(2.5)年均浓度(51. 7μg/m^3)超过二级浓度限值47. 71%,同时全年有20. 94%的天数PM_(2.5)日均浓度超过二级浓度限值;冬季浓度最高、达81. 1μg/m^3,明显高于其他季节,夏季浓度最低。PM_(2.5)中水溶性无机离子浓度总和冬(42. 42μg/m^3)>秋(32. 73μg/m^3)>春(24. 57μg/m^3)>夏(17. 0μg/m^3),但占PM_(2.5)浓度的百分比的季节规律则刚好与之相反,为夏(54. 19%)>春(48. 1%)>秋(46. 91%)>冬(45. 45%);其中,SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-和NH_4^+是PM_(2.5)中最主要的3种二次无机离子组分,三者浓度之和占PM_(2.5)的37. 47%。PM_(2.5)中SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-和NH_4^+的浓度均为冬季高于其他季节,但NO_3^-/PM_(2.5)冬(12. 22%)>秋(11. 53%)>春(8. 14%)>夏(5. 43%)、NH_4^+/PM_(2.5)秋(9. 85%)>夏(9. 15%)>春(8. 52%)>冬(7. 61%)、SO_4^(2-)/PM_(2.5)夏(26. 3%)>春(20. 75%)>秋(15. 82%)>冬(14. 61%)。四个季节SOR值均大于NOR值,SOR值季节变化差异不大,但NOR值冬季明显高于其他季节。PM_(2.5)中的SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-和NH_4^+冬季以(NH_4)_2SO_4、NH_4NO_3的形式共存于气溶胶体系中,而夏季则主要以(NH_4)_2SO_4和NH_4HSO_4存在。The concentration and composition of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in Yi bin in southern Sichuan province were observed and analyzed seasonally in this study.Results showed that the annual average concentration of PM2.5 was 51.7μg/m^3,exceeding the national air quality standard(35μg/m3)by 47.71%,and the proportion of days that exceed 75μg/m^3 was 20.94%.Summer has the lowest concentration that met the standard while winter has the highest concentration of 81.1μg/m^3.The seasonal variation of the total concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 showed the trend that Winter(42.42μg/m^3)>Autumn(32.73μg/m^3)>Spring(24.57μg/m3)>Summer(17.0μg/m^3),but the percentage of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 was completely opposite,Summer(54.19%)>Spring(48.1%)>Autumn(46.91%)>Winter(45.45%).SO4^2-,NO3^- and NH4^+ are the main secondary inorganic ion components of PM2.5,which account for 37.47%of PM2.5.SO4^2-,NO3^- and NH4^+ had a higher concentration in winter than in other seasons.But NO3^-/PM2.5 was Winter(12.22%)>Autumn(11.53%)>Spring(8.14%)>Summer(5.43%),NH4^+/PM2.5 was Autumn(9.85%)>Summer(9.15%)>Spring(8.52%)>Winter(7.61%),SO4^2-/PM2.5 was Summer(26.3%)>Spring(20.75%)>Autumn(15.82%)>Winter(14.61%).SOR values in all seasons were higher than NOR values,the seasonal variation of SOR value was not obvious,but NOR value in winter is significantly higher than in other seasons.SO4^2-,NO3^- and NH4^+ coexisted in the forms of(NH4)2 SO4 and NH4NO3 in winter,while existed mainly in the form of(NH4)2 SO4 and NH4HSO4 in summer.

关 键 词：川南 细颗粒物 污染特征 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]