尤溪联合梯田水稻种质资源变化及保护对策  

Changes and protection countermeasures of rice germplasm resources in Lianhe terrace fields of Youxi County

作　　者：吕昭君 王玉洁 樊荣荣 王维奇[2] 闵庆文[3] 林瑞余[1] LU Zhaojun;WANG Yujie;FAN Rongrong;WANG Weiqi;MIN Qingwen;LIN Ruiyu(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian,350002,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350007,China;Institute of eographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2018年第4期224-228,共5页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：福建省农业科技跨越计划(闽农科教[2011]417号);福建省尤溪县人民政府委托项目;福建农林大学创新基金项目(HXF160003)资助

摘　　要：分析了尤溪联合梯田水稻种质资源的变化。结果表明:尤溪联合梯田保留了15份传统栽培的水稻种质资源,其中糯稻3个、籼稻7个和粳稻5个。这些传统栽培的水稻平均生育期150.4 d,结实率80.2%、穗粒数132.4粒、千粒重26.1 g。近90年来,联合梯田先后推广种植了30个水稻品种,其中常规稻6个、杂交稻24个。与传统水稻相比,后期种植的水稻生育期显著变短、穗粒数显著增加,但千粒重和结实率无显著差异。水稻种质资源具有明显向短生育期、大穗、重穗型转化的趋势。并针对联合梯田稻作系统与传统水稻资源保护所面临的困难提出建议。In the present study,the changes of rice germplasm resources in Lianhe terrace of Youxi County were analyzed.The results showed that15traditional rice germplasm resources were reserved in Lianhe terrace rice fields,including three glutinous varieties,seven Indica varieties,and five Japonica varieties.The average growth period of these traditionally rice cultivars was150.4d,the seed setting rate was80.2%,the grain number per spike was132.4,and the kilo-grain weight was26.1g.During the past90years,30rice varieties have been released for production in Lianhe terrace fields,including six conventional and24hybrid rice varieties.Compared to the traditional varieties,the average growth period of recently released rice cultivars was significantly shorter,the grain number per spike was significantly greater,but there was no significant difference in the seed setting rate and the kilo-grain weight.Rice germplasm resources have a tendency to transform towards short growth period,large panicle and heavy panicle type.Finally,suggestions are made for the difficulties faced by the Lianhe terrace filed rice cropping system and traditional rice germplasm resource protection.

关 键 词：联合梯田 水稻 种质资源 保护 

分 类 号：S511.2[农业科学—作物学] S511.3