重金属锌对鸡粪厌氧消化产甲烷特性的影响  

Effects of Heavy Metal Zn on Methane Production Characteristics of Chicken Manure

作　　者：陈芬 余高[1,2] 李筱梅 卜玉山[2] CHEN Fen;YU Gao;LI Xiao-mei;BU Yu-shan(Wu Jiang College, Tongren University, Tongren 030801,China;College of Resource and Environment Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁学院乌江学院,贵州铜仁554300 [2]山西农业大学资源与环境学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《中国沼气》2018年第6期21-25,共5页China Biogas

基　　金：铜仁学院博士科研启动基金(铜市科研<2017> 47-42号);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2013-重点7);山西省攻关项目(20130313007-3)

摘　　要：为了探讨重金属Zn对厌氧消化产甲烷的影响机制,在高温条件下(55℃),研究了添加外源Zn对鸡粪厌氧消化过程产甲烷特性的影响。结果表明:Zn对沼液中的VFA浓度和pH值产生明显的影响。随着鸡粪(风干样)中Zn浓度的增加,累积甲烷产生量呈先升高再降低的趋势,当鸡粪中Zn≤454.2 mg·kg^(-1)可使日甲烷产生量最大值较早出现,并对厌氧消化有一定的促进作用,当Zn≥554.2 mg·kg^(-1)时可推迟甲烷产生量最大值出现时间,并对厌氧消化产生明显的抑制作用(p≤0.05)。Zn浓度是影响沼液中水解酶活性的重要影响因素之一,当Zn≤454.2 mg·kg^(-1)时,可提高纤维素酶和蔗糖酶活性,当Zn≥554.2 mg·kg^(-1)时,对纤维素酶和蔗糖酶活性产生明显的抑制作用(p≤0.05),但Zn浓度对沼液中脲酶活性的影响不显著,同时,沼液中的纤维素酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性与其累积产甲烷量均呈显著正相关(p≤0.05)。表明Zn可能通过影响沼液中的VFA浓度,pH值以及水解酶活性而影响厌氧消化进程和累积甲烷产生量。An experiment of thermophilic anaerobic digestion(55℃)was conducted to evaluate the effects of exogenous Zn on methane production characteristics of chicken manure.The results showed that there was an obvious effect of Zn on VFA concentration and pH value in fermentation.The cumulative methane production increased first and then decreased with the increasing of Zn concentration.It could advance the peak time of methane production,and it had certain stimulative effect to anaerobic fermentation when Zn was less than 454.2 mg·kg-1.However,the peak time of methane production was delayed and the anaerobic fermentation process was inhibited when Zn was more than 554.2 mg·kg^-1(p≤0.05).Zn concentration was one of the important factors that affect the hydrolytic enzyme activity in anaerobic fermentation liquid.It could increase the cellulase activity and sucrase activity when Zn was less than 454.2 mg·kg^-1,and their activity were inhibited when Zn was more than 554.2 mg·kg^-1(p≤0.05),while the effect of Zn concentration on urease activity was not significant.The enzyme activities of cellulase,sucrase,and urease in anaerobic fermentation liquid were positively related to the cumulative methane production(p≤0.05).It indicated that Zn might inhibit anaerobic digestion process and consequently reduce accumulative methane production by affecting VFA concentration,pH value and hydrolytic enzyme activity in fermentation.

关 键 词：锌 鸡粪 厌氧消化 产甲烷特性 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X713[农业科学—农业工程]