餐厨垃圾中的不同组分厌氧消化特性研究  

Anaerobic Digestion Characteristics of Different Components of Kitchen Waste

作　　者：刘德江[1] 侯凤兰[1] 李瑜[1] 马芳[1] 陈宗轶[1] LIU De-jiang;HOU Feng-lan;LI Yu;MA Fang;CHEN Zong-yi(Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国沼气》2018年第6期41-44,共4页China Biogas

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2017D01A50)

摘　　要：为了探讨餐厨垃圾中各类组分的厌氧消化特性,对比其产气效率的高低,该试验对餐厨中的4种主要组成成分进行了中温厌氧消化研究。通过对比4种组分的累计产气量、每克挥发性固体的产气率、甲烷含量及消化液pH值的变化,研究餐厨垃圾不同组分厌氧消化的效率。结果表明:厌氧消化产气性能较好的组分为油脂类及蛋白质类,其次为碳水化合物类,最差的组分为蔬菜类。每克挥发性固体(VS)的累计产气量最高的为油脂类,达到了454 mL·g-1VS;最低的为蔬菜类,只有215 mL·g-1VS。4种餐厨组分在厌氧消化过程中所产沼气中的气体组成及含量差异不大,甲烷的含量均在45%～65%之间变化。在整个45 d的厌氧消化期间,各组分消化液的pH值基本保持稳定。In the present study,the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of four components from kitchen waste was investigated and their gas production efficiency were compare through comparing the cumulative gas production,the gas production rate per gram of volatile solid,methane content,and pH value of the digesting solution.Results showed that,the component with better anaerobic digestion performance were lipid and protein,followed by carbohydrate,and the worst were vegetables.The highest cumulative biogas production per gram of volatile solid(VS)was lipid,which reached 454 mL·g^-1 VS,the lowest was vegetables,only 215 mL·g^-1 VS.The difference of biogas composition and their contents of four kitchen components were not significant,and the contents of methane varied between 45%~65%.During the anaerobic digestion of the whole 45 days,the pH value of the digestion solution of each component remained basically stable.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 组分 厌氧消化 产气率 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X703[农业科学—农业工程]