丹江口水源涵养区农村生活垃圾处理现状与农民环保意识调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Current Situation of Rural Domestic Waste Disposal in Water Conservation Area of Danjiangkou and Farmers' Awareness of Environmental Protection

作　　者：葛一洪 张国治 申禄坤 魏珞宇 封海东 唐德剑 潘科 张敏 施国中 GE Yi-hong;ZHANG Guo-zhi;SHEN Lu-kun;WEI Luo-yu;FENG Hai-dong;TANG De-jian;PAN Ke;ZHANG Min;SHI Guo-zhong(Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041,China;Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000,China;Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankang 725000, China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部沼气科学研究所,成都610041 [2]十堰市农业科学院,湖北十堰442000 [3]农业农村部富硒产品开发与质量控制重点实验室,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《中国沼气》2018年第6期94-102,共9页China Biogas

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务(CAAS-XTCX2016015);农业农村部沼气科学研究所基本科研业务费专项(1610012018010)

摘　　要：为了解目前丹江口水源涵养区农村垃圾的处理现状,文章采用随机抽样方法,选取丹江口核心库区十堰市郧县谭家湾镇五道岭村、圩坪寺村以及安康市石泉县池河镇明星村3个行政村为调查对象,对当地生活垃圾处理现状及农户环保意愿展开调查。结果表明,丹江口水源涵养区农村生活垃圾中有机垃圾为主要成分,占总重的86%以上,但具体构成和产生量差异较大。无机垃圾主要由砂石、砂土、金属和玻璃组成,有机垃圾则主要由果蔬、果壳、纸屑、塑料等组成。对生活垃圾分类称量发现五道岭村的产生量为每户1.075 kg·d-1,而明星村为每户1.807 kg·d-1。在作物秸秆处理方式的调研中,五道岭村、圩坪寺村和明星村分别有75%,89%和91%的农户种植水稻、玉米等作物,主要处理方式包括炊事燃料、畜禽饲料、田间焚烧、直接还田、堆沤肥料等。此外3个村对粪污和塑料薄膜的处理也存在一定差异。根据环保支付意愿的调研结果,约有68%～72%的受访农户表示愿意缴费支持垃圾分类处理,而支付金额的大小主要与文化程度、农户家与公共垃圾箱的距离等因素有关。In order to understand the current status of rural domestic waste disposal in the Danjiangkou water conservation area,a random sampling method was adopted to investigate the local waste disposal and farmers'awareness of environmental protection in villages of Wudaoling,Xupingsi,Mingxing,chosen from Danjiangkou core water reservoir area.Results showed that the organic waste was the main component in the rural domestic waste in Danjiangkou water conservation area,accounting for over 86%of the total weight,but the specific composition and production were quite different,the average waste production of Wudaoling village was 1.075 kg·d^-1 each family,while Mingxing village was 1.807 kg·d^-1.Inorganic waste was mainly composed of sand stone,sand soil,metal and glass,while organic waste was mainly composed of fruits and vegetables,fruit shells,paper scraps and plastics.For the crop straw waste,75%,89%,and 91%of farmers in Wudaoling,Xupingsi,and Mingxing cultivated crops such as rice and corn,respectively.The main treatment methods for crop straw included cooking fuel,feed for livestock and poultry,field burning,direct returning to the field,composting,etc.In addition,the treatment of fecal waste and plastic film in 3 villages also had some differences.According to the survey on the willingness to pay for environmental protection,about 68%~72%of the surveyed farmers expressed their willingness to pay for waste classification.The amount of the payment willing to pay was mainly related to the degree of education,the distance between rural households and public dustbins.

关 键 词：农村生活垃圾 丹江口 水源涵养区 垃圾分类 环保意识 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X705[农业科学—农业工程]