基于模态连续追踪的铁道车辆车体低频横向晃动现象研究  

Research on Low-frequency Lateral Sway of Railway Vehicle Body Based on Modal Continuous Tracking

作　　者：夏张辉 周劲松 宫岛 孙文静 孙煜 XIA Zhanghui;ZHOU Jinsong;GONG Dao;SUN Wenjing;SUN Yu(Institute of Railway and Urban Rail Transit,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《铁道学报》2018年第12期46-54,共9页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51805373);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2015BAG19B02)

摘　　要：基于Lagrange三次样条插值原理,给出不同速度下车辆系统模态频率的连续追踪方法,并对不同速度下轮对、转向架、整车系统模态进行分析及变化规律的研究,根据模态阻尼异常变化前后相应模态的耦合振动特征,探讨铁道车辆车体低频横向晃动时的阻尼跳变现象及机理,提出基于振型相似度的车体低频横向晃动判定指标。结果表明,本文提出的模态追踪方法能够稳定、准确追踪车辆系统各阶模态;轮对模态频率接近车体模态频率是出现车体低频横向晃动的必要非充分条件,轮对模态与车体模态间的振型切换是车体低频横向晃动的本质原因;将振型相似度作为车体低频横向晃动的判定指标是合理、有效的。Based on the principle of Lagrange cubic spline interpolation,a continuous modal tracking method of vehicle system modal frequency under different speeds was given and the modal tracking for wheelsets,bogies and the whole vehicle system under different speeds was conducted.According to the coupling vibration characteristics before and after modal damping changes,the phenomenon and mechanism of Damping-hopping in the low-frequency lateral sway of railway vehicle body were investigated.The judgment index of low-frequency lateral sway of car body based on mode shape similarity was proposed.The results show that the modal tracking method proposed in this paper can track each mode of the vehicle system stably and accurately.The modal frequency of the wheelset close to that of the vehicle body is necessary non-sufficient conditions for low-frequency lateral sway of the vehicle body.The vibration mode switching between wheelset modal and vehicle body modal is the essential cause of low frequency lateral sway of vehicle body.It is reasonable and effective to use the modal shape similarity as the judgment index of low-frequency sway of vehicle body.

关 键 词：铁道车辆 低频晃车 模态追踪 阻尼跳变 多模态耦合 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]