不同滴灌专用肥对河套灌区玉米生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of different drip irrigation with special fertilizers on maize growth and yield in Hetao irrigation area

作　　者：赵娜 冯君伟[1] 李晓红 王子敬 马俊[1] 刘汉江[1] 郝云凤 ZHAO Na;FENG Junwei;LI Xiaohong;WANG Zijing;MA Jun;LIU Hanjiang;HAO Yunfeng(Bayannur Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Linhe 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究院,内蒙古临河区015000

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2018年第6期58-63,共6页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2017QNJJN07);巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究院青年创新基金项目(2016BSNKYQNCQJJ01)

摘　　要：通过调查不同滴灌专用肥对玉米植株株高、茎粗及产量的影响,研究施用滴灌专用肥对玉米的增产效果。采用田间试验,设置4种滴灌专用肥:埃尔夫、AO乡喜、硝铵尿素、液体氮肥和PK、NK以及复合酵素处理,并以常规施肥作为对照,共8个处理。结果表明:施用滴灌专用肥及复合酵素均能增加玉米产量,其中以施用硝铵尿素产量最高,较对照增产770 kg/hm2;试验所用专用肥及复合酵素对玉米的株高、茎粗、百粒重等有明显的促进作用。其中硝铵尿素、AO乡喜处理玉米植株长势较好,SPAD值较高,百粒重、穗长、穗粗等经济性状调查值较高,这与产量结果基本一致;除埃尔夫外,其他3种专用肥及复合酵素施用后均增加了玉米种植收益,纯增收益由高到低为:复合酵素、硝铵尿素、AO乡喜、液体氮肥。结论认为硝铵尿素、AO乡喜肥可有效促进玉米生长,增加玉米产量,提高种植玉米的经济效益,适合在河套灌区作为玉米膜下滴灌专用肥施用。The effects of drip irrigation with special fertilizers on maize plant height,stem diameter and yield were investigated.In the field experiment,Herve,AO Xiangxi,ammonium nitrate urea,liquid nitrogen fertilizer,no phosphate fertilizer treatment,and conventional fertilization as control,were studied for a total of 8 treatments.The results showed that the application of special fertilizers and compound enzymes in drip irrigation could increase the yield of maize,and the yield with ammonium nitrate urea was the highest,which was 770 kg/hm2 higher than that of the control.The plant height,stem diameter and 100-seed weight of maize were promoted by the special fertilizer and compound enzyme application.Among them,with ammonium nitrate urea,AO treatment maize plant growth is better,SPAD value is higher,100-grain weight,ear length,ear diameter and other economic characteristics of the survey values were higher,all of which were basically consistent with the yield results.With the exception of Herve,the other three kinds of special fertilizer and compound enzyme all increased the yield of maize.The net income increased from high to low for compound enzyme,ammonium nitrate urea,AO Xiangxi,and then liquid nitrogen fertilizer.It is concluded that ammonium nitrate urea and AO fertilizer can effectively promote maize growth,increase maize yield and increase the economic benefit of maize cultivation,and they are suitable for application as special fertilizers for drip irrigation under maize film in Hetao irrigation area.

关 键 词：滴灌专用肥 河套灌区 玉米 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]