论社会救助权的本土塑造——以法律与政策的互动为视角  

Local Shaping of the Right to Social Relief——From the Perspective of Interaction between Law and Policy

作　　者：黄锴[1] HUANG Kai(School of Law,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学法学院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期58-65,共8页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：中国法学会部级法学研究课题"行政给付诉讼的构造与适用研究"(CLS2017D39);浙江省教育厅项目(人文社科类)"多元主体参与社会救助体系中的政府责任研究"(Y201738271);浙江工业大学人文社科预研基金项目"行政法律关系论视阈下服务行政的规范建构研究"(SKY-ZX-20170069)

摘　　要：通过对法律与政策的解释,塑造出具有本土色彩的社会救助权对于统摄社会救助制度,解决社会救助碎片化、随意化的现象具有重要意义。从"扶贫"到"共享"的政策目标调整,需要社会救助权的建立和完善以《宪法》上物质帮助权、平等权、人格尊严为基点。现有法律体系中社会救助权具有"低于基本生活水平""穷尽其他帮助"两个要件,政策文件增设了"值得帮助"的要件,政策文件对社会救助权的要件构造发挥了较大的影响。司法保护是加强社会救助权规范性,减少其政策意味的重要途径,但由于给付判决与规范性文件附带审查两项制度在司法实践中并未得到充分运用,目前能发挥的作用仍较为有限。Through the interpretation of laws and policies,it is of great significance to shape the right of social relief with local features to supervise the social relief system and solve the fragmentation and randomization of social relief.The transition of policy objectives from“poverty alleviation”to“sharing”requires the establishment of the right to social assistance based on the constitutional rights of material assistance,equality and human dignity.In the existing legal system,there are two requirements for the right to social assistance:living standard being below basic level and exhaustion of other help.Meanwhile,the policy document adds“deserving help”requirement.The policy document has exerted a greater impact on the structure of the elements of the right to social assistance.Judicial protection is an important way to strengthen the normative nature of the right to social assistance and reduce its policy implications.However,due to the fact that the two systems of payment judgment and the review of normative documents have not been fully used in judicial practice,the role they can play is still relatively limited.

关 键 词：社会救助 公法权利 社会政策 权利构成 行政诉讼 

分 类 号：D922.182.3[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]