玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体量子模拟实验技术进展  

Laboratory Techniques of Quantum Simulation Using Bose-Einstein Condensates

作　　者：黄巍[1] 张善超 颜辉[1] 朱诗亮[1] HUANG Wei;ZHANG Shanchao;YAN Hui;ZHU Shiliang(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials∥School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省量子调控工程与材料重点实验室∥华南师范大学物理与电信工程学院,广州510006

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期14-19,共6页Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11704131;11474107;91636218;U1830111);广东省自然科学基金项目(2016A030310462)

摘　　要：文中对基于玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)的量子模拟实验技术的研究进展进行了综述.早在1924—1925年间玻色和爱因斯坦从理论上预言了BEC的存在,直到1994年才通过激光冷却原子气体的方法在实验室实现了BEC,并于2001年获得诺贝尔物理学奖. BEC具有宏观量子特性和较长的相干时间,因此它是开展量子模拟研究的重要平台.随着光阱、光晶格、微结构光阱和量子气体显微镜等技术的发展,基于BEC的量子模拟器不仅能够用于研究凝聚态物理中已有的基本模型,而且能够探索自然界中不存在的新奇量子物理现象和量子物态.甚至在非平衡和动力学演化研究方面,BEC量子模拟器可以用来研究当前物理实验中无法观测的快速量子物理现象.The developments in the research on laboratory techniques of quantum simulation using Bose-Einstein Condensates are summarized.The theory of Bose-Einstein Condensates(BEC)was first proposed by Bose and Einstein in 1924-1925.The pure BEC was realized using the technology of laser cooling of atomic gas in the lab as late as 1994 and this achievement was awarded with the 2001 Nobel Prize in physics.BEC has the macroscopic quantum property and a very long coherence time,which favors the quantum simulation experimental study.The development of BEC experiment techniques,such as optical dipole trap,optical lattice,configurable micro-trap and quantum gases microscope,has made the BEC a great quantum simulator in the research of fundamental models of condensed matter physics as well as the new quantum physics and quantum states that do not exist in the natural world.Even in the research of non-equilibrium state and dynamic evolution,the BEC quantum simulator can be used to detect the fast quantum procedure,which is impossible in the traditional physics experiment.

关 键 词：BEC 量子模拟 光晶格 量子气体显微镜 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]