PTEN在癌症中的研究进展  

Research Progress of PTEN in Cancer

作　　者：阳沁蕾 庄宇鑫 全东令 张国华[2] 吕琳[1] YANG Qinlei;ZHUANG Yuxin;QUAN Dongling;ZHANG Guohua;LYU Lin(College of Pharmacy,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学药学院,广州510515 [2]南方医科大学中医药学院,广州510515

出　　处：《医学综述》2018年第24期4847-4851,共5页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)是维持正常细胞生存所必需的肿瘤抑制因子,具有磷酸酯酶活性。PTEN通过调节酪氨酸激酶受体(RTK)/磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(PKB又称Akt)通路调控细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、细胞迁移和侵袭等过程,进而抑制肿瘤的发生发展。PTEN蛋白具有区域特异性功能,可在细胞核和细胞质之间转移。PTEN编码的蛋白的活性受到许多非基因机制的调控,如转录调控、转录后调控、翻译后调控等。人类多种癌症中发现,PTEN的失调可导致其抑癌功能减弱,对于癌症研究有重要意义。PTEN作为PI3K/Akt通路的负调控因子,其缺失使PI3K/Akt通路过度活化,促进肿瘤的发生发展。Gene of phosphates and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN),a lipid phosphatase that functions as a tumor suppressor,is essential for normal cell maintenance.PTEN regulates the biological processes such as cell proliferation,apoptosis,cell migration and invasion to inhibit the development of tumors through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(PKB,Akt)signaling pathway.PTEN can transfer between nucleus and cytoplasm,having specific function in different regions.Its activity can be modulated by transcriptional regulation,post-transcriptional regulation and post-translational regulation.PTEN is deregulated in many kinds of human cancers,which would decrease the function of tumor suppressor.Therefore,PTEN is quite significant to the cancer research.As a negative regulator of PI3K-dependent Akt signaling,the deletion of PTEN makes PI3K/Akt pathway excessively activated,which would promote the development of tumor.

关 键 词：肿瘤 第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因 肿瘤抑制因子 酪氨酸激酶受体/磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶B信号通路 

分 类 号：R730.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]