生化抑制剂组合与施肥模式对黄泥田稻季CH4和N2O排放的影响  

Effects of Combined Biochemical Inhibitors and Fertilization Models on CH_4 and N_2O Emission From Yellow Clayey Field During Rice Growth Season

作　　者：周旋 吴良欢[2,3] 戴锋[4] 董春华 ZHOU Xuan;WU Liang-huan;DAI Feng;DONG Chun-hua(Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health,Ministry of Education/College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment/College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Zhejiang Aofutuo Chemical Company Limited,Shangyu 312300,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室,浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058 [3]浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室,浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058 [4]浙江奥复托化工有限公司,浙江上虞312300

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2018年第12期1122-1130,共9页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD23B03).

摘　　要：添加脲酶/硝化抑制剂是稻田温室气体减排的重要措施。采用二因素随机区组设计,研究生化抑制剂组合[N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT)、N-丙基硫代磷酰三胺(NPPT)和2-氯-6-(三氯甲基)吡啶(CP)]与施肥模式(一次性和分次施肥)互作对黄泥田稻季温室气体(CH_4和N_2O)排放通量的影响,并计算全球增温潜势(GWP)及温室气体排放强度(GHGI)。结果表明,不同施肥处理CH_4和N_2O排放通量具有明显的季节性变化规律。尿素分次施用处理稻季CH_4和N_2O排放总量、GWP及GHGI较一次性施用处理分别显著降低13.5%、20.7%、14.4%和25.0%。不同施肥模式下,硝化抑制剂CP处理显著降低稻季N_2O排放通量峰值,减少稻季CH_4和N_2O排放总量。脲酶抑制剂NBPT/NPPT配施CP处理更能有效减少稻季CH_4和N_2O排放,降低GWP和GHGI。新型脲酶抑制剂NPPT单独施用及与CP配施的稻季温室气体排放规律与NBPT相似。总之,生化抑制剂与适宜的运筹相结合能保证产量并有效降低温室气体排放,是水稻低碳、高产可行的施肥措施。The addition of urease/nitrification inhibitors is an important measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in paddy fields.The interaction effects of biochemical inhibitor combinations[N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide(NBPT),N-(n-propyl)thiophosphoric triamide(NPPT)and 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine(CP)]and fertilization models(one-off and three-time fertilizations)on greenhouse gases(CH 4 and N 2 O)emission flux were investigated from yellow clayey field during rice(Oryza sativa)growth season using two factors randomized block design,and calculated global warming potentials(GWPs)and greenhouse gas intensity(GHGI).The results show that CH 4 and N 2 O emission flux had obvious seasonal variation under different fertilization treatments.The three-time urea fertilization treatment significantly reduced CH 4 and N 2 O emissions,GWPs and GHGI during rice growth season than those of one-off urea fertilization treatment by 13.5%,20.7%,14.4%and 25.0%,respectively.Nitrification inhibitor CP treatment significantly reduced the peak of N 2 O emission flux,as well as CH 4 and N 2 O emissions during rice growth season under different fertilization models.On the other hand,urease inhibitor NBPT/NPPT combined with CP treatment could more effectively reduce CH 4 and N 2 O emissions,as well as GWPs and GHGI during rice growth season.Application of a new urease inhibitor NPPT alone or combined with CP had the similar greenhouse gas emission laws with NBPT during rice growth season.In conclusion,combined biochemical inhibitors and appropriate managements can guarantee the production of rice and effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions from paddy field,therefore,it is a feasible fertilization practice for low carbon emission and higher yield of rice.

关 键 词：脲酶抑制剂 硝化抑制剂 黄泥田 温室气体 排放强度 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]