干部病房老年住院患者医院感染危险因素分析及对策  

Risk factors for concurrent infections in elderly patients of the cadre ward

作　　者：柴雯雯 燕芳[1] 井源[1] CHAI Wenwen;YAN Fang;JING Yuan(Shengli Oil-field central hospital.Dongying 257034, China)

机构地区：[1]山东东营胜利油田中心医院老年病科,257000

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2018年第6期88-90,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

摘　　要：目的分析干部病房老年住院患者医院内感染现状、感染部位及细菌分布,探讨医院内感染发生的危险因素,为防控老年患者医院感染提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2012～2014年340例干部病房老年住院患者的临床资料,对于合并院内感染的患者,分离培养病原菌,并探讨老年患者发生医院感染的危险因素。结果 340例老年患者并发医院感染40例,感染率为11. 76%,感染部位以呼吸道为主,占56. 5%,其次为消化道和泌尿系统,分别占17. 5%和7. 5%;共分离出病原菌45株,其中革兰氏阴性菌41株,占91. 11%,革兰氏阳性菌3株,占6. 67%,真菌1株,占2. 22%,前三位病原菌依次为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、流感嗜血杆菌,分别占40. 00%,26. 67%,11. 11%;医院感染危险因素分析结果显示,高龄(≥80岁)、男性、住院时间长(≥14天)、合并肿瘤、营养状态差(NRS 2002评分≥3分)及侵入性操作是老年住院患者医院感染的危险因素(P <0. 05)。结论根据干部病房老年患者医院感染特点,针对高危因素重点监控,制定相应的预防和控制措施,可有效降低医院感染率。Objective To analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections,infection sites,and distribution of pathogens in elderly patients of the cadre ward and explore the risk factors for the infections so as to control the infections in elderly patients of the cadre ward.Methods The clinical data of340elderly patients who were treated in the hospital from2012to2014wre retrospectively analyzed.For the patients with concurrent infections,the pathogens were cultured and isolated.The risk factors for the infections in elderly patients of the cadre ward were explored.Results The concurrent nosocomical infections occurred in40of340patients in elderly patients of the cadre ward,with the infection rate of11.76%.The respiratory tract(56.5%)was the predominant infection site,followed by the genitourinary system(17.5%)and the gastrointestinal tract(7.5%).A total of45strains of pathogens have been isolated,including41(91.11%)strains of gram-negative bacteria and3(6.67%)strains of gram-positive bacteria,1(2.22%)strain of fungi.The Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae ranked the top three species of pathogens,accounting for40.00%,26.67%and11.11%respectively.The analysis of the risk factors for nosocomical infections indicated that the aged(≥80years),long hospitalization duration(≥14days),with tumors,sacrifice nutrition(NRS2002score≥3)and invasive operation(P<0.05).Conclusion It is an effective way to adjust the monitoring program according to the characteristics of nosocomial infections in elderly patients of the cadre ward,conduct targeted monitoring,and take comprehensive intervention measures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：老年 医院感染 危险因素 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]