逆流策略对PEMFC的水管理和电池性能的影响  

Effects of counterflow strategy on water management and cell performance of PEMFCs

作　　者：张卿雷 朱凤鹃[1] 闫晓晖 陆佳斌 章俊良[1] ZHANG Qing-lei;ZHU Feng-juan;YAN Xiao-hui;LU Jia-bin;ZHANG Jun-liang(Institute of Fuel Cells,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学燃料电池研究所,上海200240

出　　处：《电源技术》2018年第12期1846-1849,共4页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)系统中通常需要加湿反应气体以维持Nafion膜的高质子传导性。然而,常规的外部加湿方法需要额外的部件,这增加了系统复杂性并导致更大的功率损耗,因此实现反应气体自增湿是十分必要的。提出了可使反应气体自增湿的逆流策略,建立了三维两相全尺寸质子交换膜燃料电池的模型,通过实验和数值模拟的方式研究了逆流策略对电池性能的影响。实验及计算结果表明,相同输出电流时在阳极进气湿度较低的情况下采用逆流策略可改善电池内部的水汽分布情况,使阴极出口更干并提高其他部分的平均湿度,进而提升平均反扩散强度和膜的平均质子电导率,使电池性能提升。The humidification of reactant gases is generally required in PEMFC system to maintain the high proton conductivity of Nafion membrane and ionomer.However the conventional external-humidification approach needs additional components,which increases the system complexity and causes additional power loss.Therefore,it is practical interest to realize the self-humidification of PEMFC.In this work,a counterflow strategy of anode and cathode reactant gases is proposed,and a three-dimensional,two-phase,isothermal,steady-state model of a full-size single flow channel PEMFC is established to simulate the states of mass transport and cell performance at low humidity conditions.The experimental and simulation results show that the counterflow strategy can effectively improve the distribution of water vapor inside the cell under same output current,so that the cathode outlet is dryer and other parts become wetter,thereby enhancing the average back diffusion flux and average proton conductivity,which can improve cell performance simultaneously.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 数值模拟 自增湿 水管理 逆流策略 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]