2018年秋季全国干旱状况及其影响与成因  

Drought Events and Its Influence in Autumn of 2018 in China

作　　者：张宇[1] 冯建英[1] 王芝兰[1] 王素萍[1] ZHANG Yu;FENG Jianying;WANG Zhilan;WANG Supin(Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of CMA,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《干旱气象》2018年第6期1052-1060,共9页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(重大专项)"干旱气象科学研究--我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理"(GYHY(QX)201506001);博后基金(2014M562528XB)共同资助

摘　　要：2018年秋季,我国气象干旱主要发生在华北、黄淮、江淮、江汉、西北地区东南部、四川以及江南北部的部分区域,区域性和阶段性特征明显。9月中上旬旱情较重,以中到重旱为主,干旱中心位于黄淮西部。9月下旬到10月中旬前期旱情有所缓解,以轻旱为主,局部地区存在中旱。10月中旬后期,旱情再次加剧,江汉、江淮以及黄淮南部区域出现中到重旱,11月上旬后期开始,旱情显著缓解,仅华北局地有轻到中旱。此外,秋季我国还有两个区域出现阶段性干旱:东北地区南部自8月中下旬存在轻到中旱持续至9月末才得以解除;云南和四川交界的部分区域10月下旬出现轻到中旱,11月旱情发展,至月末西南地区大部有中度以上气象干旱。旱区夏、秋连续两季降水偏少、气温偏高是秋季干旱发生发展的主要原因。2018年秋季,海温变化引起500 h Pa高度场异常表现,而大气环流异常使得我国今秋区域旱情发生。In autumn of2018,the meteorological drought mainly occurred in Huabei,southeast of Northwest China,Huanghuai,Jianghuai,Jianghan,and parts of northern Jiangnan and Sichuan Province.The regional characteristics of drought in stages were obvious.Moderate to severe drought occurred in mid-early September,and the drought center was located in the western of Huanghuai.The drought eased from late September to early October,light drought occurred mainly and there was moderate drought in some places.The drought intensified in late October,and there was moderate to severe drought in Jianghan,Jianghuai and southern Huanghuai regions.The drought reduced significantly from the end of early November,light to medium drought occurred in parts of Huabei only.In addition,there were two other regions experiencing staged drought in autumn of China.The light to moderate drought that existed in the south of Northeast China lasted from mid-late August to the end of September.The light to moderate drought occurred in late October in some border areas of Yunnan and Sichuan and developed in November,and in most of the southwest region moderate drought occurred by the end of November.Less precipitation and high temperature in summer and autumn were the main reasons of occurrence and development of autumn drought in these drought areas.The anomaly of500hPa height field caused by the change of sea temperature made regional drought occur in autumn in China.

关 键 词：2018年秋季 干旱状况及其演变 影响 成因 

分 类 号：S166[农业科学—农业气象学]