河北省马兰庄铁矿矿区生态重建效果评价研究  

The Evaluation Research on the Ecological Reconstruction Effects of the Malanzhuang Iron Mining Area in Hebei Province

作　　者：侯春华 袁雪涛 赵菁菁[1,2,3] 李富平 HOU Chunhua;YUAN Xuetao;ZHAO Jingjing;LI Fuping(College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, China;Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Security Technology, Tangshan 063009, China;Tangshan Mining Industry of Ecological Restoration Technology Research Institute, Tangshan 063009, China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山063009 [2]河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室,河北唐山063009 [3]唐山市矿区生态修复产业技术研究院,河北唐山063009

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2018年第6期121-126,共6页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：河北省教育厅研究生创新资助项目(2016B09);华北理工大学研究生创新项目

摘　　要：以河北省唐山市首钢马兰庄铁矿尾矿库作为研究对象,在现场选取12个样方,利用野外勘查的植被统计数据作为评价体系中指标数据,对马兰庄矿生态重建因子进行深入分析。从植被方面选取11个指标,利用SPSS22. 0软件进行主成分分析。研究结果表明第一主成分代表多度,多度的方差贡献率最大,据排序结果得出11号、12号样方以紫穗槐为优势种的生物多度最多,生态重建性最好,而10、5、2号样方分别以沙棘和白柠条为优势种的生物多度最低,生态重建性最差,其余样方生态重建效果居中。因此需进一步提高生态重建效果差的区域植被生态重建水平,因地制宜栽植适生植物,不断提高尾矿库复垦土地实际利用率,评价结果可为尾矿库区生态重建工作提供理论依据。Taking the tailing pond of the Malanzhuang iron mine in Shougang,Tangshan City,Hebei Province as the research object,12 sample plots were selected in-situ and the statistical data of field surveys were used as index data in the evaluation system to conduct a deep analysis on the ecological reconstruction factors for the Malanzhuang Mine.Eleven indicators were selected from vegetation and SPSS22.0 software was used for the principal component analysis.The results showed that the first principal component represented the abundance and the contribution rate to the variance from the abundance was the largest.According to the ranking results from No.11and No.12sample plot,Amorpha fruticosa was the dominant species with the most abundance and the best ecological reconstruction effects,while No.10,5and2plots were dominated by seabuckthorn and C.korshinskii as the dominant species with the lowest abundance and the worst ecological reconstruction effects.The ecological reconstruction effects of other sample plots were moderate.Therefore,it is necessary to take further steps to improve the level of ecological reconstruction of the regional vegetation with poor ecological reconstruction effects,plant the suitable vegetation according to the local conditions,and continuously increase the actual utilization rate of the reclaimed land in the tailing ponds.The evaluation results can provide the theoretical basis for the ecological reconstruction work in the tailings reservoir area.

关 键 词：生态重建 评价 主成分分析 马兰庄铁矿 尾矿 

分 类 号：TD98[矿业工程—选矿] X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]