栅格翼在减小火箭残骸落点散布上的应用  

Application Research of Grid Fin on Reducing the Falling Point Distribution for the Debris of Rocket

作　　者：贾洪印[1] 徐明兴 张培红[1] 吴晓军[1] 和争春[1] JIA Hongyin;XU Mingxing;ZHANG Peihong;WU Xiaojun;HE Zhengchun(China Computational Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2018年第6期21-29,共9页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划战略高技术重点专项(17H86303ZT001018)

摘　　要：文章利用栅格翼高气动效率、高阻力的特点,探索其在火箭芯一级残骸落点散布控制上的应用。首先介绍了栅格翼气动性能分析采用的数值模拟方法,通过与试验数据对比,验证了方法的可靠性。针对火箭芯一级箭体,开展了栅格翼设计研究,给出了详细的栅格翼几何尺寸,分析了其在亚跨超声速阶段气动性能,通过6自由度蒙特卡罗弹道拉偏仿真,对比了栅格翼安装前后火箭芯一级残骸落点散布范围。结果表明,火箭芯一级加装栅格翼后,上升段折叠安装,阻力增量较小,超声速阶段阻力增量2%以内;再入段栅格翼打开,小迎角范围内火箭芯一级残骸压心后移明显,气动稳定性增强;芯一级残骸进入大气层后飞行姿态迅速振荡收敛,残骸落点散布范围大幅缩小,安装栅格翼后火箭芯一级落点散布面积减小约76%,这种基于稳定栅格翼进行落点控制的方法具有机械结构简单,易于工程实现的特点,适用于各类运载火箭的改造,可大幅度减小落区的范围。The characteristics of grid fin with high efficiency and high aerodynamic drag are applied to reduce the falling point distribution for the first stage debris of rocket.First of all,the numerical methods for the aerodynamic characteristics of gird fin are introduced.The reliability of the numerical method is verified by comparison of the results with the experimental data.And then the research on the design of the gird fin for the rocket booster is carried out.The aerodynamic performance of the first stage debris of rocket with grid fin at subsonic and supersonic is analyzed.The falling point distribution range of the first stage debris before and after installing grid fin are compared by six degrees of freedom Monte Carlo trajectory simulation.The results indicate that the drag increment is very small when the rocket with folded grid fin rises up.The drag increases less than2%at supersonic condition.When making a reentry with the grid fin unfolded,the first stage debris has aerodynamic stability and trim angle of attack near0degree.The attitude of the debris convergence rapidly during reentry.After installation of the grid fin,the range of falling point distribution of the first stage debris is reduced by76%.The grid fin has wide application prospects in reducing the falling point distribution for the first stage debris of rocket.

关 键 词：栅格翼 稳定性 落点散布 弹道仿真 火箭 航天回收 

分 类 号：V525[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]