耦合林分结构的低密度生态风景林模拟补植优化  

Simulation of Replantation of Low-density Ecological Landscape Forest With Coupled Stand Structure

作　　者：刘健[1,2] 项佳[1] 余坤勇[1] 杨素萍[1] 张今朝[1] 赵秋月 LIU Jian;XIANG Jia;YU Kun-yong;YANG Su-ping;ZHANG Jin-zhao;Zhao Qiu-yue(University Key Laboratory for Geomatics Technology and Optimize Resources Utilization in Fujian Province,College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Sanming College,Fujian Sanming 365000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院/3S技术与资源环境优化利用福建省高校重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]三明学院,福建三明365000

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2018年第6期1125-1133,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770760)~~

摘　　要：以福建三明市金丝湾森林公园中低密度生态风景林作为研究对象,基于Voronoi图构建低密度生态风景林模拟补植优化方案,并以色彩配置、直径分布、林分密度、空间结构等指标量化分析补植前后林相变化。结果表明:研究区存在林分密度低、树种单一、小径阶比例严重不足等问题,林分调整方案应以补植小径阶林木为主,适合补植含笑、杜英、南酸枣、榆树等景观效果较好的乡土树种,补植方式以局部点状、均匀补植为主,补植区域选择较适宜区域以上,林木间距>3 m为宜,补植位置确定在林木间距>3 m及与四株相邻木间的夹角72°的最佳位置。通过补植模拟调整后,林分密度由821株/hm2改善到1 140株/hm2,林木直径呈现倒J型,角尺度(0.57→0.50)、混交度(0.22→0.46)、大小比数(0.50→0.61),林分水平分布格局趋于随机分布,混交度明显提高,林相色彩搭配更加丰富,整体表明耦合林分结构的低密度生态风景林定量补植调整方案,能有效提高森林美景质量,为生态风景林实际营建提供技术指导。Taking the low-density ecological scenic forest of Jinsiwan Forest Park in Sanming City,Fujian Province as the research object,the standard plot was set up,and the simulation replanting optimization scheme of the low-density ecological landscape forest was constructed based on Voronoi diagram.The changes in the forest types before and after replantation were quantified by means of tree species composition,color distribution,diameter distribution,stand density and spatial structure.The results show that there are problems such as low forest density,species singleness and serious shortage of small diameter steps,etc.The forest adjustment scheme should attach importance to replanting small-diameter forests.It is suitable to replant native tree species with good landscape effects,such as Michelia fujianensis,Elaeocarpus decipiens,Choerospondias axillari,Ulmus pumila and so on.Local point distribution and uniform distribution are the major replanting patterns.More suitable areas should be selected for replanting area.The spacing of trees is>3m.The replanting position is determined at the optimum position of the forest spacing>3m and the angle between the adjacent trees of72°.After simulated adjustment by the replanting scheme,the stand density was improved from821plants/hm^2to1140plants/hm^2,and the diameter of the forest trees was inverted J-type,angular scale(0.57→0.50),mixed degree(0.22→0.46),and size ratio(0.50→0.61),the horizontal distribution pattern of forest stands tended to be random,the mixed degree was raised,the color distribution was richer.All this shows that replantation scheme for low-density ecological lanscape forest with conpled stand structure can effectively improve the landscape quality of forest and provide technical reference for construction of landscape forests.

关 键 词：低密度生态风景林 林分结构 补植优化调整 

分 类 号：S718.551.2[农业科学—林学]