海洋石油降解菌Halomonas sp.DH1产生物表面活性剂的性能  

Characters of Biosurfactant Produced by Marine OilDegrading Bacterium Halomonas sp. DH1

作　　者：刘颖 徐薇薇 郭平[2] 林建国[2] LIU Ying;XU Weiwei;GUO Ping;LIN Jianguo(China Institute of Navigation, Beijing 100013, China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国航海学会,北京100013 [2]大连海事大学环境科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《中国航海》2018年第4期112-115,共4页Navigation of China

摘　　要：溢油对海洋环境和人类健康危害极大,利用低温菌降解石油污泥物是治理低温下溢油污泥的一种有效方法。为了获得更好的生物修复效果,需要考察菌株的性能。对菌株Halomonas sp. DH1产生物表面活性剂的性能进行研究。试验结果表明:在低温下菌株Halomonas sp. DH1可利用多种碳源产生表面活性剂,其中以正十六烷为唯一碳源时发酵液的表面张力可降低到28. 4 m N/m,以葡萄糖为唯一碳源时发酵液的E24可达60. 1%。菌株Halomonas sp. DH1产生的生物表面活性剂可显著促进石油烃的降解和洗脱。在菌液接种量5%(体积分数)、柴油含量1%(体积分数)、120 r/min、10℃的条件下降解20 d后,与未加表活的对照组相比,添加表面活性剂可将柴油降解率提高22. 3%。添加了表面活性剂的水溶液可将黏附了原油的沙子上82. 1%的原油洗脱。Oil spill poses a great hazard to marine ecosystem and human health,and the degradation of petroleum pollutants by bacteria at low temperature is a promising technology for cleaning up pllution caused by oil spill.The biosurfactant produced by cold-adapted oil-degrading marine bacterium,Halomonas sp.DH1,can accelerate the degradation of oil spill on the sea.The research reveals the following facts:At low temperature,Halomonas sp.DH1can produce biosurfactant with a variety of carbon sources,and the surface tense can be as low as28.4mN/m with n-hexadecane as sole carbon and E24is60.1%with glucose as sole carbon.The biosurfactant produced by Halomonas sp.DH1can strengthen the Hydrocarbon biodegradation efficiency and washing efficiency.The degradation efficiency of diesel oil increases by22.3%,after20days of growth of the bacterium in the medium containing1%(volume fraction)diesel oil and5%(volume fraction)bacteria broth at10℃and120r/min.About82.1%crude oil is washed off from oil-polluted sand with the biosurfactant solution.

关 键 词：低温 石油降解菌 生物修复 生物表面活性剂 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学] U698.7[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]