南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压经纬向位置配置对中国东部夏季降水的影响  

EFFECTS OF LATITUDINAL AND LONGITUDINAL POSITIONS OF SOUTH ASIA HIGH AND WESTERN PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL HIGH ON THE SUMMER PRECIPITATION OVER EAST CHINA

作　　者：金爱浩 曾刚[1] 余晔[2,3] 邓伟涛[1] 李忠贤[1] JIN Ai-hao;ZENG Gang;YU Ye;DENG Wei-tao;LI Zhong-xian(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education(KLME)/International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC),Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions,CAS,Lanzhou 730000,China;Pingliang Land Surface Process&Severe Weather Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Pingliang 744015,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院平凉陆面过程与灾害天气观测研究站,甘肃平凉744015

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2018年第6期806-818,共13页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0603804);中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室开放基金项目(LPCC201502);国家自然科学基金项目(41575085;41430528);江苏省青年气象科研基金项目(Q201603)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1951—2016年逐月中国160站降水资料、NCEP/NCAR全球大气再分析资料和NOAA_ERSST_V4海表温度资料,分析了南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压(西太平洋副高)经、纬向位置的关系及其位置配置对中国东部夏季降水的影响,结果表明:(1)南亚高压与西太平洋副高在纬向上的东西进退存在明显的反相关系,在经向上主要存在一致变化的特征,并依此定义了纬向、经向位置指数。纬向位置指数大(小)表示南亚高压与西太平洋副高纬向上距离远(近),经向位置指数大(小)表示两高压经向位置均趋于偏北(南);(2)纬向位置指数与我国华北、华南沿海地区降水呈显著正相关,而与长江中下游、东北北部地区降水呈显著负相关;经向位置指数与我国华北、东北南部地区降水呈显著正相关,而与我国江南、华南地区降水呈显著负相关;(3)南亚高压与西太平洋副高的经向、纬向位置指数与关键海区的前期春季、同期夏季海表温度均有显著的相关,热带太平洋-印度洋、北印度洋、中东太平洋前期春季、同期夏季海表温度与南亚高压东脊点呈显著正相关,与南亚高压脊线及西太平洋副高西脊点均呈显著负相关,而北太平洋海表温度主要与西太平洋副高脊线呈显著正相关。Based on the monthly precipitation of 160 stations in China,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and NOAA_ERSST_V4sea surface temperature(SST)data from 1951 to 2016,we discussed the effects of the relationship between the latitudinal and longitudinal positions of South Asia High(SAH)and Western Pacific Subtropical High(WPSH)on the summer precipitation over East China.The main results are summarized as follows:(1)It is found that the zonal(meridional)position of SAH is out of phase(in phase)with that of the WPSH.According to these findings,a zonal index and a longitudinal index are defined,which can well reflect the latitudinal and longitudinal changes between SAH and WPSH positions.(2)When the latitudinal position of SAH(WPSH)moves further westward(eastward)than normal,more precipitation occurs over North China and South China and less rainfall over the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River basin and Northeast China and vice versa.When the longitudinal locations of SAH and WPSH move further northward(southward)than normal,the rain-band would shift northward(southward)and there would be abundant(deficient)rainfall over North and Northeast China but less(more)rainfall over south of the Yangtze River basin and South China.(3)Moreover,the sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)exerts great impacts on the positions of SAH and WPSH.Positive(negative)SSTA in the tropical Pacific-Indian Ocean,North Indian Ocean and Center-east Pacific Ocean in the preceding spring and contemporary summer is favorable for SAH moving more to the east(west)and south(north)and WPSH shifting more to the west(east).When the North Pacific Ocean SST is warmer(colder),the WPSH tends to move further north(south)than normal.

关 键 词：南亚高压 西太平洋副热带高压 经纬向位置 中国东部夏季降水 

分 类 号：P434.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]