陕西窑居民俗的地理学考察  

The Folk Custom of Kiln in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：祁剑青[1] Qi Jianqing

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院古村古镇文化遗产数字化传承湖南省协同创新中心

出　　处：《华中建筑》2019年第1期16-19,共4页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：衡阳师范学院科研启动项目"陕西传统民居地理研究"资助(编号:17D11)

摘　　要：运用文化生态学方法以陕西窑居民俗为研究对象,对其分布范围、形成机制进行解析。通过对地方史志文献的分析,并加以实地考察,可大致确定陕西窑洞分布范围覆盖秦岭以北大半个省区,靠崖窑的南界起于秦岭北麓,北界止于陕北长城一线;地坑窑集中分布在渭北旱塬地带;锢窑主要分布于陕北高原石质山区与河谷平坦宽阔之地。地形、气侯等自然环境要素制约着窑洞的平面布局、主窑朝向;风水思想、生活习惯等因素对窑洞的空间处理以及建造程式的地域特色有着显著的影响;经济社会发展水平则直接决定着窑洞的建筑规模及细部装饰的华丽程度。Using the methods of cultural ecology to study the folk custom of cave dwellings of Shaa nxi province,we a nalyze the distribution a nd formation mecha nism of the cave dwellings.Through the analysis of the local history and literature,on-the-spot investigation,we generally determine the coverage of Qinling Mountains to the north of the Shaanxi cave roughly half a regional distribution range,by the South Cliff kiln from Qinling Mountains the North limit line of the Great Wall in the north of Shaanxi Province.The pit concentrated in Weibei area.Indium is mainly distributed in the northern Shaanxi plateau stone cave in the mountain and valley flat wide place.Topography,climate and other natural environmental factors control the layout,mainly towards the cave.It has a significant impact of Fengshui and lifestyle factors on cave and the building space program regional characteristics.The economic and social development level directly determines the extent of gorgeous building size and decoration of the cave.

关 键 词：陕西 窑洞 分布 民俗 

分 类 号：TU-859[艺术—艺术设计]