水蒸气蒸馏法提取八角茴香油工艺参数的研究  

The Process Parameters of Extracting Star Anise Oil by Steam Distillation

作　　者：于彩云[1] 穆阿丽 杨在宾[1] 姜淑贞[1] Yu Caiyun;Mu Ali;Yang Zaibin;Jiang Shuzhen(College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University1, Taian 271018;Qingdao Inspection Station of Feed and Veterinary Drug2, Qingdao 266000)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,泰安271018 [2]青岛市饲料兽药检测站,青岛266000

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2018年第12期63-68,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研经费(201403047)

摘　　要：为研究水蒸气蒸馏法提取八角茴香油的最佳工艺参数。以八角茴香果实为原料,选取八角粉碎粒度、浸泡时间、料液比和蒸馏时间进行4因素3水平的正交试验,比较各因素各水平下八角茴香油的提取率,测定茴香油中反式茴香脑含量,计算提取量。研究结果表明影响八角茴香油提取率的主次因素为:蒸馏时间>粉碎粒度>料液比>浸泡时间,且不同粉碎粒度、料液比和蒸馏时间对八角茴香油提取率的影响差异显著(P <0.05)。影响八角茴香油中反式茴香脑含量的主次因素为:蒸馏时间>粉碎粒度>料液比>浸泡时间,不同的蒸馏时间极显著(P <0. 01)影响八角茴香油中反式茴香脑含量。粉碎粒度和蒸馏时间对八角茴香油提取量的影响差异显著(P<0.05),不同的浸泡时间和料液比对八角茴香油提取量无显著影响(P>0. 05)。以提取率和提取量为参数,水蒸气蒸馏法提取八角茴香油的最佳提取条件为:八角粉碎粒度40目,浸泡32 h,料液比1:10,蒸馏3 h。粉碎粒度、浸泡时间、料液比和蒸馏时间均不同程度地影响八角茴香油的提取率、反式茴香脑含量和提取量。This study was conducted to investigate the optimum process parameters of extracting essential oil of star anise.Taking the fruits of illicium verum fruit as the raw material,selecting 4 factors ( particle size,soaking time,solid-liquid ratio,distillation time)with 3 levels for orthogonal test,comparing extraction yield of star anise oil in all levels,measuring extraction efficiency of content of trans-anethole in the oil,thus calculating and extraction volume.The factor affecting the extraction rate of star anise oil in sequence was distillation time > particle size > solid-liquid ratio > soaking time.The extraction efficiency of star anise oil was significantly affected (P<0.05)by particle size,solid-liquid ratio and distillation time.The factor affecting the trans-anethole content of star anise oil in sequence was distillation time > particle size > solid-liquid ratio > soaking time,the content of trans-anethole of star anise essential oil was extremely affected (P<0.01)by distillation time.The particle size and distillation time had significant effects ( P< 0.05)on extraction yield of star anise oil,but the yield was not significantly affected (P>0.05)by soaking time and solid-liquid time.Results indicated that the optimum technological parameters from the extraction rate and yield were as follows: particle size was 40 mesh,soaking 32 h,solid-liquid ratio 1*10,and distillation was 3 h as result of extraction rate and yield.Particle size,soaking time,solid-liquid ratio and distillation time had effects on extraction efficiency of star anise oil,content of trans-anethole in the oil and extraction yield inordinately.

关 键 词：八角茴香油 水蒸气蒸馏法 正交试验 工艺参数 提取率 反式茴香脑 提取量 

分 类 号：TS224[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]