四种常见姜科化湿中药挥发油化学成分及体外抗菌活性比较研究  

Comparative Study on Constituents and Anti-microbial Activities in Vitro of Essential Oil of Four Commonly Used Expelling-dampness Herbs Belonging to Zingiberaceae Family

作　　者：张世洋[1] 王晶[1] 李生茂[2] 陈璐[1] 潘媛[1] 敖慧[1] ZHANG Shiyang;WANG Jing;LI Shengmao;CHEN Lu;PAN Yuan;AO Hui(Chengdu University of TCM,Chengdu 611137,Sichuan,China;North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学,四川成都611137 [2]川北医学院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《辽宁中医杂志》2018年第11期2378-2385,2462,共9页Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：四川省科技支撑项目——中药种质资源库关键技术及示范(2014SZ0156);中药资源四川省青年科技创新研究团队(2017TD0001);成都中医药大学科技发展基金(ZRQN1436)

摘　　要：目的:比较砂仁、豆蔻、草果、草豆蔻挥发油的化学成分及其抗菌活性。方法:水蒸气蒸馏法提取砂仁、豆蔻、草豆蔻、草果挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其挥发油组分进行分离和鉴定;琼脂二倍稀释法测定各药挥发油对白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、普通变形杆菌等菌标准株及耐药株的MIC值;对各药挥发油成分结果和MIC值结果进行聚类分析。结果:砂仁主要含樟脑、乙酸龙脑酯等,豆蔻、草果主要含1,8桉叶油醇等,草豆蔻主要含法呢醇等;砂仁挥发油对白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌标准株及其耐药菌的MIC值在1.25~5mg/mL之间;豆蔻仅对白色念珠菌标准株及其耐药菌和金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌标准株有效,MIC值为4~10mg/mL;草果挥发油对绝大多数受试菌株的MIC值在0.625~5mg/mL之间;草豆蔻对绝大多数受试菌株的MIC值在0.3125~1.25mg/mL之间;对于大多数细菌而言,挥发油MIC值草豆蔻<草果<砂仁<豆蔻;聚类结果显示,化学成分白豆蔻和草果较为类似,砂仁和草豆蔻较为类似,抗菌活性草豆蔻和草果较为类似,砂仁和豆蔻较为类似。结论:砂仁、豆蔻、草豆蔻、草果抗菌物质基础可能差异较大;草豆蔻、草果体外抗菌活性较砂仁、豆蔻佳,可能与其化湿程度不同有关。Objective:To compare the constituents and the anti-microbial activities of the essential oil of Sharen,Doukou,Caoguo and Caodoukou.Methods:The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation.The chemical components in the oil were identified by GC-MS.The MIC values against of the essential oil of the four herbs were determined by the two-fold agar dilution method.The results of the volatile oil composition and the MIC value were analyzed by clustering analysis.Results:GC-MS showed that the oil of Sharen contained camphor and bornyl acetate while that of Doukou and Caoguo contained 1,8-eudesmol and farnesyl alcohol individually.MIC value of the volatile oil of Sharen on the standard strains and their resistant strains of Candida albicans,Staphylococcus aureus,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were between 1.25-5 mg/mL.Doukou showed anti-microbial effect against Candida albicans and its resistant bacteria and the standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli standard strain with MIC value 4-10 mg/mL.For most of the tested strains,MIC of Caoguo and Caodoukou were between 0.625-5 mg/mL and 0.3125-1.25 mg/mL.The increasing sequences of the MIC value of most of the tested strains of the volatile oil is Caodoukou,Caoguo,Sharen and Doukou.Clustering results showed the chemical similarity of Sharen/Caodoukou and Doukou/Caoguo and the anti-microbial comparability of Sharen/Doukou and Caodoukou/Caoguo.Conclusion:The material basis of the anti-microbial activity of the essential oil of Sharen,Doukou,Caodoukou and Caoguo were quite different.The anti-microbial activity of the essential oil of Caodoukou and Caoguo were stronger than that of Sharen and Doukou,which were probably attributed to their different degrees of the expelling-dampness ability.

关 键 词：化湿 成分 抗菌 挥发油 

分 类 号：R282.6[医药卫生—中药学]