贵州草海后生浮游动物群落季节动态特征及与环境因子的关系  

Metazooplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors of Caohai, Guizhou Province, China

作　　者：朱冲冲 李秋华[1] 陈文生[1] 何应 肖晶[1] ZHU Chongchong;LI Qiuhua;CHEN Wensheng;HE Ying;XIAO Jing(Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统和生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第6期131-138,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：贵州省科技厅项目(黔科合人字(2015)10号;黔科合平台人才[2018]5805)

摘　　要：为研究草海后生浮游动物群落动态特征及与环境因子的关系,于2016年10月和2017年1月、4月、7月对草海后生浮游动物群落进行四次生态调查,并运用非度量多维尺度分析(Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis,NMDS)、冗余分析(Redundancy analysis, RDA)对后生浮游动物群落结构进行了研究。共鉴定出后生浮游动物45种,以轮虫种类为主(32种)。后生浮游动物丰度的季节性差异显著,春季最高(5287ind.·L^(-1)),冬季最低(73.20ind.·L^(-1));生物量的季节性差异显著,春季最高(18.30 mg·L^(-1)),夏季最低(1.50 mg·L^(-1))。螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、矩形龟甲轮虫(K. quadrala)、萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)为主要优势种。春季、夏季均以螺形龟甲轮虫为优势种类;秋季、冬季没有明显的优势种。通过非度量多维尺度分析获得样品的空间定位点图,四季分明,反映出群落结构的水文季节性特征。冗余分析(RDA)表明,水温(Water temperature, WT)、透明度(Secchi disk depth, SD)是影响草海后生浮游动物群落结构的关键因子,营养盐、pH、叶绿素a(Chlorophyll-a, Chl a)是影响草海后生浮游动物群落结构的重要因素。To understand the community structure of metazooplankton in Caohai, Guizhou and explore the relevant physicochemical factors on their distribution, we conducted seasonal investigations in 10 sites in the Caohai in October 2016 and January, April, July 2017. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis(NMDS) and redundancy analysis(RDA) were used to study the community structure of metazooplankton. Forty-five metazooplankton species were identified(excluding protozoa), and most of them were rotifers(32 species) having the highest abundance. The seasonal difference in metazooplankton abundance was significant, highest in spring(5287 ind.·L-1) and lowest in winter(73.20 ind.·L-1); the seasonal difference in metazooplankton biomass was significant, highest in spring(18.30 mg·L-1) and lowest in summer(1.50 mg·L-1). The dominant species were Keratella cochlearis, Keratella quadrala, Brachionus calyciflorus. In spring and summer, the dominant species were Keratella cochlearis. There were no distinct dominant species in autumn and winter. Spatial location maps of samples obtained through NMDS, with four distinct seasons, reflected the hydrologic seasonality of the community structure. RDA showed that water temperature and secchi disk depth were the key factors affecting the metazooplankton community structure. Nutrients, pH and chlorophyll a were the important factors affecting the metazooplankton community structure.

关 键 词：后生浮游动物 群落结构 环境因子 非度量多维尺度分析 冗余分析 草海 

分 类 号：Q178.51[生物学—水生生物学]