不同水分条件对3种蕨类植物配子体形态发育的影响  

Effects on morphological development of gametophytes of three fern species under different moisture conditions

作　　者：高晓雯 周施雨 卞竹箐 王清华 戴锡玲 GAO Xiaowen;ZHOU Shiyu;BIAN Zhujing;WANG Qinghua;DAI Xiling(Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources,College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命科学学院植物种质资源开发协同创新中心,上海200234

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期726-733,共8页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：上海市协同创新中心项目(ZF1205);上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心项目(17DZ2252700);上海师范大学一流本科建设项目(B-9145-18-009009)

摘　　要：研究了不同水分条件对3种不同演化地位的蕨类植物(海金沙(Lygodium japonicum)、水蕨(Ceratopteris thalictroides)、狗脊(Woodwardia japonica))的配子体形态发育的影响.结果表明:1)随着水分的增加,海金沙、水蕨和狗脊孢子的萌发速率加快,丝状体的长度增长; 2)在缺水条件下,配子体易发育成雄性配子体,而在水分充足条件下,配子体易发育成两性配子体或雌性配子体; 3)次生假根的形态及毛状体的数量等受到水分条件的影响; 4)孢子萌发类型、配子体发育类型及成熟原叶体和毛状体的形态结构是相对稳定的性状,可作为蕨类植物分类鉴定的依据.Effects of water conditions on the gametophyte development of three fern species with different evolutionary statue,which are Lygodium japonicum , Ceratopteris thalictroides ,and Woodwardia japonica, were studied in this study.The results showed as follow:1) The germination rate becomes higher,and the filament length of the three ferns becomes longer with the moisture increasing;2) Gametophytes tend to develop into male gametophytes under water insufficient conditions,and easy to develop into amphoteric or female gametophytes under water sufficient conditions;3) The morphology of secondary rhizoids,the number of trichomes were affected by moisture conditions;4) The type of the spore germinations,the developmental type of the gametophyte and the morphological of mature prothallus are both stable traits,which can be used as a basis for classification and identification of ferns.

关 键 词：蕨类植物 海金沙(Lygodium japonicum) 水蕨(Ceratopteris thalictroides) 狗脊(Woodwardia japonica) 配子体 形态发育 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学] Q949.36