吉林省玉米秸秆资源量估算及其利用的自然适宜性分析  

Estimation of Corn Straw Resources and Analysis of Natural Suitability of Its Utilization in Jilin Province

作　　者：那伟[1] 郗登宝[1] 赵新颖[1] 李健 祝延立[1] NA Wei;XI Deng-bao;ZHAO Xin-ying(Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun,Jilin 130033)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农村能源与生态研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]吉林省镇赉县农业环境保护与农村能源管理站,吉林镇赉137300

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第36期61-63,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技厅软科学项目(20170418076FG);吉林省农业科学院创新工程重大项目"种养废弃物高效循环利用关键技术集成与示范研究";吉林省环保厅项目(吉环科字2016-17)

摘　　要：[目的]科学估算和评价吉林省玉米秸秆产量及其各种利用途径的自然适宜性,明确玉米秸秆资源开发潜力和方向。[方法]通过实地调查、抽样试验和文献分析方法,确定玉米秸秆资源可收集利用系数,估算出吉林省玉米秸秆资源的可收集利用量,对玉米秸秆资源在五料(燃料、饲料、肥料、工业原料、食用菌基料)上的适宜性和其各自的可收集利用量做出定量或定性的评价。[结果]确定玉米秸秆草谷比为1.32。吉林省玉米秸秆的自然适用性强,可用于燃料、饲料、肥料、工业原料及基料等利用,主要以饲料化、肥料化和能源化适宜性强。[结论]吉林省玉米秸秆资源具有多宜性,秸秆综合利用应按照多元利用、突出重点的原则,以肥料化还田和饲料化利用为主导方向,大力加强能源化利用,合理安排秸秆基料化利用和工业化利用,积极推进秸秆产业化的发展。[Objective]The research aimed to evaluate the natural suitability of corn straw yield and various utilization approaches in Jilin Province through scientific estimation,and to clarify the potential and direction of development of corn straw resources.[Method]Through field investigation,sampling test and literature analysis method,the collection and utilization coefficient of corn straw resources can be determined,and the collectable and utilization of corn straw resources in Jilin Province can be estimated.The suitability of corn stalk resources on five materials(fuel,feed,fertilizer,industrial raw materials,edible fungus base)and their respective collectable utilization amounts were quantitatively or qualitatively evaluated.[Result]The corn straw to grain ratio was determined to be 1.32.Jilin Province corn straw had strong natural applicability and could be used for fuel,feed,fertilizer,industrial raw materials and base materials,etc..[Conclusion]The corn straw resources in Jilin Province are multi-suitability.The comprehensive utilization of straw should follow the principle of multiple utilization,highlight the key points,take fertilizer conversion and forage conversion as the leading direction,vigorously strengthen the energy utilization,reasonably arrange the straw base material conversion and industrial utilization,and actively promote the development of straw industrialization.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 草谷比 自然适宜性 吉林省 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]