一种新的壁画修复材料黏结性评价装置及应用研究  

A fixture for evaluating the surface adhesive effectiveness of wall painting conservation materials and its application

作　　者：苏伯民[1,2] 张化冰 王鸿灵[3] 张瑞 谈翔 SU Bo-min;ZHANG Hua-bing;WANG Hong-ling;ZHANG Rui;TAN Xiang(The Conservation Institute of Dunhuang Academy,Jiuquan 736200,China;National Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings,Jiuquan 736200,China;Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment Friendly Composites and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province,College of Chemical Engineering,Northwest University for Nationalities,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃酒泉736200 [2]国家古代壁画与土遗址保护工程技术研究中心,甘肃酒泉736200 [3]西北民族大学化工学院环境友好复合材料与生物质利用甘肃省高校重点实验室,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2018年第6期1-6,共6页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助(2012CB720902)

摘　　要：为了可直接考察修复材料对壁画颜料层-地仗层(地仗层-地仗层)的黏结性,借鉴敦煌石窟泥塑制作"木骨泥胎"原理和涂层、黏接剂附着力和黏结强度测试方法,设计了一套拉拔模具。该装置解决了壁画修复材料评价中黏结界面错位,客观数据获取难,适用性差,耗时长等问题。试验测定了6种常用修复材料在质量浓度5%条件下的黏结强度,确定其黏结性强弱顺序为:纯丙乳液>聚乙烯醇PVA-1788>白乳胶>硅丙乳液>明胶(Paraloid b-72)。基于试验数据,提出选择修复材料及工作浓度时,应以接近原有胶结材料(明胶)黏结强度为宜。Based on the principle of “wood bone and clay body” used to make clay sculptures found in the Dunhuang grottoes and the methods of testing adhesive strength of coatings and binders,a fixture has been developed for directly evaluating the surface adhesive effectiveness of wall painting conservation materials at the interface between the paint layer and the plaster layer and between the plaster layers.The invention of this fixture has solved such problems as adhesion interface mismatch,lack of objective data,poor application and low efficiency in evaluation of the surface adhesive effectiveness of the conservation materials.In our study,we determined the adhesive strength of six commonly-used conservation materials with mass concentrations of 5%;the sequence from the strongest to the weakest is as follows: pure acrylic emulsion>PVA-1788>PVAC emulsion>silicone-acrylic emulsion>gelatin (Paraloid b-72).According to the experimental data,it is proposed that selecting conservation materials and working concentrations should consider the proximity to the adhesiveness of original binding materials (gelatin),the closer the better.

关 键 词：壁画 修复材料 黏结性 评价 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]