公共政策制定中的公民有效参与--基于参与工具应用策略维度的考量  

Make Citizen Participation in Public Policy Development Work Effectively——Consideration Based on the Participation Tools Engagement Strategy Dimension

作　　者：周义程[1] 段哲哲 ZHOU Yi-cheng;DUAN Zhe-zhe(Jiangsu Province New Collaborative Innovation Center for Urbanization and Social Governance,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,Ch;Urban Governance Institute,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518128,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学江苏省新型城镇化与社会治理协同创新中心,江苏苏州215123 [2]深圳大学城市治理研究院,广东深圳518128

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第6期121-127,共7页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:16BZZ047);苏州大学人文社会科学优秀学术团队研究项目(项目编号:MZ33700618);2017年度苏州大学东吴智库应急研究专项(项目编号:MZ33710817);江苏苏南治理现代化决策咨询研究基地项目(项目编号:18SSL109)的资助成果

摘　　要：参与工具通常被视为实现公民参与的预期目标之手段。以当代西方公共政策制定中公民参与的两个预期目标为分类依据,参与工具可分为公共政策优化型和公共政策认同型两种。前者意在通过公民参与来做到集思广益和及时发现偏差或失误,从而使公共政策更加科学,其以关键公众接触和公民调查为典型;后者意在通过公民参与使公民更为清楚地理解公共政策制定的目的、功能和内容,从而促使其对某种公共政策形成支持和赞成倾向并产生情感和意识上的归属感,其以公民会议、咨询委员会、斡旋调解为代表。鉴于参与工具的恰当、科学,适时运用将对公共政策制定中公民参与的有效运转产生举足轻重的影响。因此,在使用关键公众接触、公民调查、公民会议、咨询委员会。Participation tools are often seen as a means of achieving the desired goals of citizen participation.Based on the two expected goals of citizen participation in contemporary Western public policy formulation,the participation tools can be divided into public policy optimization participation tools and public policy identification participation tools.The former is intended to be brainstorming through citizen participation and to detect deviations or mistakes in a timely manner,thus making public policy more scientific,with typical public contacts and citizen surveys as the typical;the latter is intended to make citizens more clearly understand the public through citizen participation.The purpose,function and content of policy making make it support and favor a certain public policy and generate emotional and conscious sense of belonging.It is represented by citizen conference,advisory committee,mediation.Given that the appropriate,scientific,and timely use of participating tools will have a significant impact on the effective functioning of citizen participation in public policy development,it is essential to use key public engagement,citizen surveys,public meetings,advisory committees,mediation,etc.Comprehensively,accurately and profoundly grasp the application strategies of each tool to maximize the realization of effective participation of citizens.

关 键 词：公共政策 公民有效参与 参与工具 关键公众接触 公民调查 公民会议 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]