基于非理想爆轰的炸药-岩石相互作用过程  

Explosive-rock interactions based on non-ideal detonation

作　　者：冷振东 赵明生[3] 卢文波 周桂松[1] 胡浩川 LENG Zhen-dong;ZHAO Ming-sheng;LU Wen-bo;ZHOU Gui-song;HU Hao-chuan(China Gezhouba Group Explosive Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 401121,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Guizhou Xinlian Blasting Engineering Limited Company,Guiyang 550022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司,重庆401121 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [3]贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司,贵阳550002

出　　处：《工程爆破》2018年第6期1-9,32,共10页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51809016)

摘　　要：对炸药-岩石相互作用过程正确和全面的理解是研究岩石爆破破碎过程的基础。通过未反应炸药采用Murnahan状态方程、爆轰产物采用JWL方程、反应速率采用三项点火-增长-反应速率模型,改进了的炸药非理想爆轰模型。实验数据对比表明,改进的非理想爆轰模型能够较好地模拟工业炸药的非理想爆轰过程。基于改进的非理想爆轰模型,研究了不同装药结构和不同耦合介质下炸药与岩石的相互作用过程。研究表明,同种炸药在纵波速度不同的岩石中的爆轰结构存在显著差异,空气和水对爆轰冲击波有明显的缓冲和迟滞作用,与空气不耦合装药相比,水耦合装药荷载峰值高,持续时间长,具有更高的能量利用率,有利于改善破碎效果。A correct and comprehensive understanding of the explosive-rock interactions is the basis for studying the fragmentation process of rock blasting. An improved non-ideal detonation model is performed by adopting the Murnahan equations of state(EoS) for the unreacted explosive, Jones-Wilkins-Lee(JWL) EoS for its reaction products, and the threeterm ignition and growth reaction rate model for the chemical reaction rate for the conversion of unreacted explosive to reaction products. And the improved non-ideal detonation model is verified by the detonation simulation of explosive under different charge diameters. Furthermore,based on the non-ideal detonation model,the explosive-rock interactions under different coupling mediums and different charge structures are studied. The results show that the detonation structures of the same explosive in the rock with different P-wave velocity are obviously different. The coupling medium(air and water)have obvious buffering and retardation effects on shock wave. Compared with air coupled charge, the water coupled charge has the advantages of high peak load,long duration and high energy efficiency,which is beneficial to improve the fragmentation effect.

关 键 词：非理想爆轰 钻孔爆破 耦合介质 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]