西藏典型冰湖溃决洪水演进数学模型研究  

Mathematical model of flood evolution of typical ice lakes burst in Tibet

作　　者：韩松林[1] 姜治兵[1] 武科宏 HAN Song-Lin;JIANG Zhi-Bing;WU Ke-Hong(Hydraulic Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水力学所,武汉430010

出　　处：《黑龙江大学工程学报》2018年第4期83-88,共6页Journal of Engineering of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51609022);长江科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2017016/SL)

摘　　要：全球气候变暖,青藏高原冰川退缩加剧,冰川融水使冰湖的数量和规模不断增大,致使冰湖灾害问题日益突出,严重威胁冰湖地区人民生命财产安全。基于HEC-RAS一维非恒定流水力学模型,建立了包含上游冰湖和下游河道的洪水演进数学模型,模拟了坝体溃决、洪水下泄及洪水在河道中的演进过程。通过将模型计算得到的溃口洪峰流量与相关经验公式进行对比,验证了模型中溃口流量计算结果的准确度。利用所建立的数学模型对西藏典型冰湖桑旺错的溃坝洪水演进和传播进行了模拟计算,分析了溃口流量变化过程和溃坝在下游河道的流量变化,结果表明所建立的模型能较好地模拟冰湖溃坝过程及洪水在下游的演进,可用于相关问题的应用研究。With the global warming,the retreat glaciers in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is intensified,and the amount and scale of glacial lakes are increased.The problem of ice lake disasters in Tibet Autonomous Region has become increasingly prominent,which seriously threatens the safety of people s lives and property in the ice lake area.Based on the one-dimensional unsteady flow hydraulic model of HEC-RAS,a numerical model of flood routing including upstream ice lake,breach process and downstream submerged area is established.The empirical formula is used to validate the peak discharge of the breach,which shows that the formula of the breach discharge in the model is feasible.The dam-break flood routing and propagation of Sangwangcuo,a typical glacial lake in Tibet,are simulated by using the established numerical model.The process of the flow change of the breach and the flow change of the dam-break in the downstream channel are analyzed.Through comparative analysis,it is shown that the model can better simulate the dam-break process of the glacial lake and the evolution of the flood in the downstream.It can be applied to related problems.

关 键 词：冰湖溃决 洪峰流量 洪水演进 数学模型 桑旺错 

分 类 号：TV122.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]