宁夏北部高温气候特征及2017年高温异常分析  

The Analysis of Climate Characteristics of High Temperature in Northern Ningxia and Abnormal High Temperature in 2017

作　　者：周翠芳 李晓虹[1,2,3] 程雅茹 谭志强 ZHOU Cuifang;LI Xiaohong;CHEN Yaru;TAN Zhiqiang(Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,CMA,Yinchuan 750000,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Preventing and Reducing in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750000,China;Shizuishan Meteorological Observatory,Shizuishan 753000,China;Ningxia Meteorological Observatory,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [3]石嘴山市气象局,宁夏石嘴山753000 [4]宁夏气象台,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏工程技术》2018年第4期294-299,共6页Ningxia Engineering Technology

基　　金：石嘴山科技公关计划基金资助项目(2017-40b);石嘴山气象局科学研究项目"2017年石嘴山夏季异常高温天气特征分析"

摘　　要：利用宁夏北部石嘴山市1972年建站以来夏季逐日气温资料及美国国家环境预报中心NCEP再分析资料,在分析石嘴山地区高温气候特征的基础上,着重对2017年的连续性高温天气进行分析,并与历年同期进行了比较。结果表明,近46 a石嘴山市各站极端最高气温及高温日数呈显著升高的变化趋势,高温日数明显的突变点为1994年,近46 a来存在稳定的13～16 a的周期变化;强大稳定的大陆暖高压、异常强盛的南亚高压及强烈的地面热低压是2017年高温异常的主要原因;高空辐合、低空辐散的环流配置、与大陆暖高压下沉运动相联系的辐射增温和绝热增温、大气层结的对流稳定及暖平流增温,是石嘴山高温异常的主要物理机制。Based on the daily data of air temperature and the NCEP reanalysis data since 1972 in Shizuishan of Ningxia,the high temperature climatic characteristics of Shizuishan was analyzed and the continuous high temperature weather in 2017 was mainly discussed,and compared with those in previous years.The results shows that the extreme maximum temperature and high temperature days of Shizuishan have a significant increase tend with an abrupt change point in 1994,and there has been a stable cycle change of 13 to 16 years in recent 46 years.Strong and stable continental warm high pressure combined with unusually strong south Asian high pressure and strong surface hot low pressure are the main reasons for the abnormal high temperature in 2017.The main physical mechanism of the abnormal high temperature of Shizuishan is closely related to the radiation and adiabatic warming associated with the subsidence motion of the continental warm high pressure,the convective stability of atmospheric junction and the heating advection warming as well as the circulation configuration of high-altitude convergence and low-altitude divergence.

关 键 词：高温 气候特征 天气成因 异常 

分 类 号：P434[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]