石家庄地区无偿献血者HIV感染趋势变化分析  

Analysis of varied trend of HIV infection for blood donors in Shijiazhuang

作　　者：王素玲[1] 王切[2] 马海民[3] WANG Su-ling;WANG Qie;MA Hai-min(Department of Laboratory,Hebei Blood Center,Shijiazhuang 050071,China;Department of Anatomy,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,China;Department of Emergency,Affiliated Hebei Children′s Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省血液中心检验科,河北石家庄050071 [2]河北医科大学基础医学院解剖学教研室,河北石家庄050017 [3]河北医科大学附属河北省儿童医院急诊外科,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《河北医科大学学报》2019年第2期203-207,共5页Journal of Hebei Medical University

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20170438)

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2017年不同献血人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染率的变化趋势,为有针对性地进行献血宣传和制定献血招募政策提供数据依据。方法收集河北省血液中心2011—2017年酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)初筛HIV抗原抗体联合检测呈反应性并经免疫印迹确认试验呈HIV阳性的献血者,以及ELISA检测呈非反应性但核酸检测HIV-RNA呈反应性并经追溯确认呈HIV阳性的献血者。观察HIV阳性献血者的性别、年龄、职业分布特征,分析不同性别、年龄、职业无偿献血者HIV感染率的变化趋势。结果2011—2017年共检测血液标本1 178 295例,其中免疫印迹确认HIV阳性标本149例,核酸检测且追溯确认HIV阳性标本2例,献血者HIV感染率呈逐渐上升趋势(P<0.05);HIV阳性献血者以男性(96.03%)为主,其HIV感染率呈增高趋势(P<0.05);HIV阳性献血者以18～25岁(33.11%)和26～35岁(28.48%)为主,18～25岁献血者的HIV感染率呈增高趋势(P<0.05),26～35岁献血者的HIV感染率未见明显变化(P>0.05);HIV阳性献血者以自由职业者(33.11%)和职员(25.83%)为主,职员HIV感染率呈逐渐升高趋势(P<0.05),而自由职业者HIV感染率未见明显变化(P>0.05)。结论石家庄地区无偿献血者HIV感染率具有性别、年龄、职业的分布特征,且主要献血人群HIV感染率呈逐渐升高趋势。采供血机构应有针对性地加强献血者HIV防治知识的宣传教育,降低HIV感染率,提高血液安全。Objective To analyze the varied trend of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection rate among different blood donors from 2011 to 2017,provide data basis for targeted donating blood publicity and establish blood donors recruitment policy.Methods The blood samples of Hebei Blood Center from 2011 to 2017 were collected,which were reactive by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)of antigen and antibody and HIV positive by immunoblotting confirmatory test;the blood samples which were nonreactive by ELISA detection but HIVRNA reactive by nucleic acid test were also collected.These blood samples showed HIV-positive by retroactive confirmation.The gender,age and occupations distribution characteristics of HIV-positive blood donors were observed.The varied trend of HIV infection rate of different gender,age and occupations voluntary blood donors were analyzed.Results1178 295blood samples were detected from 2011 to 2017,149 blood samples were HIV-positive by immunoblotting confirmatory test,2 blood samples were HIV-positive by nucleic acid test and retroactive confirmation.The rate of HIV infection of blood donors showed a increasing trend(P<0.05).HIV-positive blood donors were mainly males(96.03%),the rate of HIV infection of male blood donors were increasing gradually(P<0.05).The HIV-positive blood donors were mainly 18-25(33.11%)and 26-35(28.48%)years old.The rate of HIV infection of 18-25 years old blood donors showed increasing trend(P<0.05),there was no significant change in the HIV infection rate of the 26-35 years old blood donors(P>0.05).HIV-positive blood donors were mainly freelance workers(33.11%)and staffs(25.83%).The rate of HIV infection of staffs showed the trend of gradual increase(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in the rate of HIV infection of freelance workers(P>0.05).Conclusion There are gender,age and occupations distribution characteristics for the HIV infection rate of blood donors in Shijiazhuang.Moreover,the HIV infection rate of the main blood donors show the trend o

关 键 词：HIV 供血者 酶联免疫吸附测定 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]