外源无机硒肥对铁皮石斛生长及多糖含量的影响  

Effects of Selenium Fertilizer on the Growth of Dendrobium officinale

作　　者：陈丽璇[1] 陈淳[1] 陈菲[1] 柯合作[1] CHEN Lixuan;CHEN Chun;CHEN Fei;KE Hezuo(Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany/ Fujian Key Public Laboratory of Physiology and Bio-chemistry of Subtropical Botany,Xiamen,Fujian 361006,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省亚热带植物研究所/福建省亚热带植物生理生化重点公共实验室,福建厦门361006

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2018年第4期423-426,共4页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：厦门市科技项目(3502Z20162006)

摘　　要：以智能温室人工栽培红杆铁皮石斛为材料,研究不同质量浓度外源无机硒(亚硒酸钠:0,5. 0,7. 5,10. 0,15. 0,30. 0 mg·L^(-1))对铁皮石斛富硒能力、生长状况和鲜条多糖含量的影响。结果表明:外源硒各处理都极显著地提高鲜条硒和多糖的含量。鲜条硒含量随着外源硒浓度的增加而递增,且各处理间都达到极显著差异。在外源硒较低质量浓度(0～7. 5 mg·L^(-1))范围内,鲜条多糖含量随着硒浓度的增加而递增,各处理植株长势良好;外源硒质量浓度在7. 5 mg·L^(-1)时,鲜条多糖含量达到最高(49. 665 g·kg-1),但个别老叶开始出现黄化;当外源硒质量浓度大于7. 5 mg·L^(-1)时,鲜条多糖含量逐步递减,老叶黄化症状逐步加重;外源硒质量浓度(30. 0 mg·L^(-1))过高时,老叶大量枯黄脱落,新叶退绿,植株衰老。因此,5. 0～7. 5 mg·L^(-1)是铁皮石斛此生长期的外源亚硒酸钠适宜的质量浓度。Dendrobium officinale plants at 3 years old cultured in the intelligent greenhouse control system were treated by spraying with different concentrations of sodium selenite(0,5.0,7.5,10.0,15.0,30.0 mg·L^-1)at a 10 days interval to observe their enrichment of selenium,and their growth and polysaccharides contents.The results showed that the treatments with sodium selenite increased highly significantly the selenium content and polysacharides content of D.officinale.The selenium content of the fresh stems of D.officinale were all increased with the concentration of the sodium selenite,and highly significant difference was observed between all the treatments.When treated with sodium selenite at a low range of between 5.0 mg·L^-1 and 7.5 mg·L^-1,the D.officinale plants all grew well and their polysaccharides content in fresh stem increased with the concentration of sodium selenite.The polysaccharides content of the fresh stems of D.officinale plants treated at a range of 7.5 mg·L^-1 was the highest(a 49.665 g·kg-1.FW),but older leaves of the plants began to turn yellow.When the sodium selenite concentration was greater than 7.5 mg·L^-1,the polysaccharides contents of the fresh stems decreased,aggravating the yellow symptoms of the older leaves.When treated at a concentration of 30.0 mg·L^-1 a large number of older leaves tended to wither,turn yellow and drop;younger leaves turned chlorotic,and the plants senesced.Therefore,the concentrations of sodium selenite at 5.0-7.5 mg·L^-1 were adequate for the growth of D.officinale plants that were sprayed with sodium selenite at this growth stage.

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 亚硒酸钠 硒 多糖 生长 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]