CKA-PAA/MDE型吸水材料的制备及性能  

Synthesis and properties of CKA-PAA/MDE type absorbent material

作　　者：程明轩 张昌辉[1] 牛育华[1,2] CHENG Ming-xuan;ZHANG Chang-hui;NIU Yu-hua(Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology Chemical Industry,Ministry of Education,Shaanxi University of Science & Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西农产品加工技术研究院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《应用化工》2018年第12期2653-2656,2660,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：陕西省农业科技创新项目(NYKJ-2017-01);陕西省教育厅2017年度科学研究计划项目(17JF003);榆林市科技计划项目(2016-13-4)

摘　　要：以风化煤腐植酸钾(CKA)、改性硅藻土(MDE)、丙烯酸(AA)为原料,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰(MBA)为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法合成KHA-PAA/MDE农林型吸水材料,探究CKA、MDE、KPS、MBA用量(以AA计)对吸水倍率的影响,考察了其在土壤中的保水情况、重复吸水性能及硅藻土的添加与否对金属离子吸附率的影响。结果表明其最佳合成条件为:AA、CKA、MDE、KPS、MBA的用量分别为10 g,20%,10%,1. 6%,0. 3%,反应温度75℃,AA中和度65%。在此条件下其对蒸馏水与0. 9%的氯化钠溶液的吸收倍率分别为712倍和86倍。添加MDE后,其对Zn(Ⅱ)和Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附率分别达到了87%和75%,在40℃的条件下12 h,在土壤中的保水率仍可达到58%左右,且反复吸水性能良好。Using weathered coal potassium humate( CKA),modified diatomite( MDE) and acrylic acid( AA) as raw materials,potassium persulfate( KPS) was used as initiator N,N-methylenebisacrylamide( MBA) as crosslinking agent,KHA-PAA/MDE type absorbent material were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization. The effect of the amount of CKA,MDE,KPS,MBA,on the water absorption rate was investigated,the water retention in the soil and the effect of repeated water absorption and the addition of diatomite or not on the adsorption rate of metal ions were also investigated. The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions are as follows: the dosage of AA,CKA,MDE,KPS,MBA was 10 g,20%,10%,1. 6%,0. 3% respectively,the reaction temperature is 75 ℃,the neutralization degree of AA is65%,the absorption ratio of tap water and 0. 9% sodium chloride solution was 712 times and 86 times respectively under the optimum synthetic conditions. When addition diatomite the adsorption rate of Zn( Ⅱ) and Cu( Ⅱ) reached 87% and 75%,respectively,and the water retention rate of 12 h at 40 ℃ in soil was still about 58%,and the performance of repeated water absorption is good.

关 键 词：风化煤腐植酸钾 改性硅藻土 吸水材料 

分 类 号：TQ424.3[化学工程]