膜生物反应器-超低压纳滤组合工艺处理城镇污水  

Study on membrane bioreactor-ultra low-pressure selective nanofiltration for municipal wastewater treatment

作　　者：张恒亮[1,2,3] 段亮 姚美辰[1,3] 魏健 黄宇华[1,3] ZHANG Hengliang;DUAN Liang;YAO Meicheng;WEI Jian;HUANG Yuhua(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Department of Urban Water Environmental Research,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [3]中国环境科学研究院城市水环境研究室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2019年第1期21-27,共7页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07216-001)

摘　　要：针对再生水的高品质化和污泥的减量化问题,构建一套膜生物反应器-超低压纳滤组合工艺(MBR-DF)中试装置,以零排泥的方式运行处理城镇污水,同时建立一套传统活性污泥处理工艺(CAS),进水COD及NH_4^+-N、TN、TP浓度分别为87.0~165.7、14.0~31.0、14.2~32.4和2.5~3.3 mgL。结果表明:浓水零排放MBR-DF系统对COD、NH_4^+-N和PO_4^(3-)具有较好的去除效果,去除率分别为95.7%、99.0%和68.5%。总溶解固体(TDS)和HCO_3^-的去除率分别为13.5%和31.1%,并能有效地降低出水总硬度。DF膜对PO_4^(3-)和SO_4^(2-)具有明显的截留作用,对NO_3^-截留效果较差,对HCO_3^-无截留作用。进水溶解性有机物(DOM)经MBR-DF后,出水中仅剩少量的类色氨酸类物质,且MBR-DF系统对进水DOM的UV_(254)消减率达到94.9%,对DOC的去除率在98.0%以上,出水DOM的腐殖质向非腐殖质转化的程度较高。MBR-DF系统和CAS系统对17-β雌二醇(E2)的去除率分别为99.9%和70.8%,MBR-DF系统可有效降低出水回用过程中存在的健康隐患。A pilot-scale experimental device of membrane bioreactor-ultra low-pressure selective nanofiltration(MBR-DF)was constructed to improve the quality of recycled water and the reduction of sludge.The MBR-DF hybrid system was used to treat the municipal sewage and operated in a zero-sludge manner,and a conventional activated sludge process(CAS)was established at the same time.The influent contents of COD,NH4+-N,TN and TP were 87.0-165.7,14.0-31.0,14.2-32.4,and 2.5-3.3 mgL,respectively.The results showed that the concentrated water zero-emission MBR-DF system had a good removal effect on COD,NH4+-N and PO43-,with the removal rates of 95.7%,99.0%and 68.5%,respectively.The removal rates of TDS and HCO3-were13.5%and 31.1%accordingly,and the total hardness of the effluent could be reduced effectively.The DF membrane had a significant retention effect on PO43-and SO42-,had a poor retention effect on NO3-and had no retention effect on HCO3-.After the influent DOM was passed through MBR-DF system,only a small amount of tryptophan-like substances remained.The UV254reduction rate of the influent DOM was 94.9%and the DOC removal rate was above 98.0%in the MBR-DF system.The degree of conversion of humus to non-humus was higher in the effluent DOM.The removal rates of 17-βestradiol(E2)by MBR-DF system and CAS system were99.9%and 70.8%,respectively.Therefore,MBR-DF system could effectively reduce the health hazards and ecological threats of effluent in recycling.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器-超低压纳滤系统(MBR-DF) 溶解性有机物 三维荧光 17-Β雌二醇 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]