乍得Bongor盆地反转构造特征及形成机制:来自地震剖面及沙箱模拟实验的证据  

Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Inverted Structures in Bongor Basin, Chad: Evidence from Seismic Profiles and Sandbox Simulation Experiments

作　　者：吴珍云[1] 尹宏伟[2] 汪伟[2] 杜业波[3] WU Zhenyun;YIN Hongwei;WANG Wei;DU Yebo(Earthquake Administrator of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210014,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum and Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省地震局,南京210014 [2]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京210023 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《高校地质学报》2018年第6期918-929,共12页Geological Journal of China Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41602208;41572187);江苏省地震局青年基金(201602)联合资助

摘　　要：结合区域地震剖面解析和沙箱模拟实验,探讨分析了乍得Bongor盆地反转构造特征及其形成机制。结果表明:(1)Bongor盆地中发育三种典型的反转构造类型:挤压反转单斜构造、挤压反转向斜构造和挤压反转背斜构造。该类反转构造一部分具有反转断层相关褶皱样式,主要沿高角度边界断层和基底地垒边界断面发育,形成演化与断裂活动息息相关,另一部分呈散花状背斜构造样式,属于地层纵弯上拱褶皱,主要发育于斜坡断阶带之间;(2)区域剥蚀作用对盆地反转构造演化具有重要的影响,其对盆地内深部地层反转褶皱发育具有促进作用,为深部构造圈闭形成提供条件,而对浅部地层的反转褶皱发育则表现出阻碍或破坏作用,不利于浅层构造圈闭的形成。Based on the analysis of regional seismic profiles and sandbox simulation experiments,the characteristics and formation mechanism of inverted structures in Chad Bongor basin are discussed and analyzed.The results show that:(1)there are three typical inverted structures in Bongor basin,which are compressional inverted monocline structure,compressional inverted syncline structure and compressional inverted anticline structure.Some inverted structures are the inverted fault related folds,which are mainly developed in the high angle boundary fault zone and the basement Horst tectonic belt in the depression zone.The formation and evolution of these structures are closely related to existing fault activities;The others are scattered flower anticline structures(looks liking buckle folds)caused by the upper arch of the strata,which are mainly developed between the slope fault zone or the interior of graben;(2)The syn-tectonic erosion has an important influence on the evolution of the basin inversion.The erosion promotes the formation of inversion fold and structural traps in the deep strata,meanwhile,hinders or destroys the evolution of the inversion folds and structural traps in the shallow strata.

关 键 词：Bongor盆地 反转构造 同构造剥蚀作用 反转断层相关褶皱 构造圈闭 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]