腐植酸铵-硅藻土-聚丙烯酸型吸水材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Ammonium Humate-Diatomite-Polyacrylic Acid Type Water Absorbent Material

作　　者：牛育华[1,2] 程明轩 宋洁 王晨光[3] NIU Yu-hua;CHENG Ming-xuan;SONG Jie;WANG Chen-guang(Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an 710021,China;Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi an 710021,China;Agriculture Department of Shaanxi Province, Xi an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,教育部轻化工助剂重点实验室,西安710021 [2]陕西农产品加工技术研究院,西安710021 [3]陕西省农业厅,西安710021

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2018年第36期232-237,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：陕西省农业科技创新项目(NYKJ-2017-01);陕西省教育厅2017年度科学研究计划(17JF003);榆林市科技计划(2016-13-4);西安市主导产业技术创新与示范项目[2017050NC/NY011(3)];陕西省重点研发计划(2018ZDXM-NY-059)资助.

摘　　要：为节约水资源,以腐植酸铵(AHA)、硅藻土(DE)、丙烯酸(AA)为原料,通过聚合反应合成了腐植酸铵型吸水材料,并利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对材料进行了结构和形貌的表征,讨论了合成条件对吸水倍率的影响,并考察了其反复吸水性能。结果表明最佳合成条件为丙烯酸用量为10 g、丙烯酸中和度为65%、反应温度为75℃、腐植酸铵用量为15%、硅藻土用量为10%、交联剂用量为0. 3%、引发剂用量为2. 2%。此条件下合成材料对蒸馏水与0. 9%的氯化钠溶液的吸收倍率分别可达684倍和104倍,且反复吸水性能良好,FTIR分析表明腐植酸铵与丙烯酸发生了接枝共聚反应,SEM分析表明合成材料具有孔状结构,XRD分析表明合成出了新的产物。该合成产物原材料丰富,价格低,在农业保水领域具有一定的应用价值和参考价值。In order to save water resources, used ammonium humate (AHA), diatomite (DE) and acrylic acid (AA) as raw materials. Ammonium humate water absorbent material was synthesized by polymerization, the structure and morphology of the materials were characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD, the synthetic conditions on water absorption ratio was discussed, the repeated water absorbency was also investigated. The results showed that the optimum synthetic conditions are as follows: the amount of AA is 10 g, the neutralization degree of AA is 65%, the reaction temperature is 75 ℃, the amount of AHA is 15%, the amount of DE is 10%, the amount of crosslinking agent is 0.3%, the amount of initiator is 2.2%. Under this condition, the synthetic material absorption distilled water and 0.9% sodium chloride solution can reach 684 times and 104 times respectively, and the repeated water ability is good, the FTIR analysis showed that the graft copolymerization of AHA and AA was took place, and the SEM analysis showed that the synthesized material had pore structure XRD analysis showed that a new product was synthesized. The synthetic product is rich in raw materials and low in price, it has certain application value and reference value in the field of agricultural water conservation.

关 键 词：腐植酸铵 硅藻土 吸水材料 

分 类 号：TU528.042.6[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]