煤矿陷落柱槽波探查技术及应用  

Slot wave detection technology and application of collapsed column in coal mine

作　　者：焦阳[1] 卫金善[1] 杨新亮[1] 廉玉广 李梓毓 李江华 窦文武 谭菁 Jiao Yang;Wei Jinshan;Yang Xinliang;Lian Yuguang;Li Ziyu;Li Jianghua;Dou Wenwu;Tan Jing(Technology Research Institute,Shanxi Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Jincheng 048006,China;Mine Safety Technology Branch of China Coal Research Institute,Beijing100013,China)

机构地区：[1]山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司技术研究院,山西晋城048006 [2]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司安全分院,北京100013

出　　处：《能源与环保》2019年第1期62-69,共8页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：煤炭科学研究总院基础研究基金资助项目(2017JC07)

摘　　要：陷落柱是岩溶空顶塌陷的产物,也是影响矿井采掘衔接和安全生产的重要因素之一。为了提前查明陷落柱的赋存特征,避免工作面回采过程中无计划揭露陷落柱带来的人员伤亡和财产损失,针对典型矿井,制定标准煤岩样,展开室内试验分析,并选择合理的工程现场,展开槽波地震透射法和反射法勘探,最终,结合槽波速度法和能量法分析圈定陷落柱范围,通过探采成果对比研究该方法对陷落柱精准探查的适用性。结果表明:槽波透射法速度分析中,陷落柱的槽波速度与其裂隙发育情况和胶结程度密切相关,异常值难以准确界定;槽波透射法能量分析中,陷落柱的槽波振幅值衰减严重,可以依据衰减系数和相应计算方法,准确圈定陷落柱的发育范围;如果陷落柱与煤体交界面完好,与煤层夹角适合,槽波反射法速度分析可以准确划定陷落柱的边界。因此,槽波地震勘探对陷落柱构造的探测效果良好,能够有效指导矿井的安全生产。Collapse pillar is the product of karst roof collapse,and it is also one of the important factors affecting mining connection and safe production.In order to find out the occurrence characteristics of subsidence pillars in advance and to avoid the casualties and property losses caused by unplanned exposure of subsidence pillars in the mining process of working face,standard coal and rock samples were formulated for typical mines,and laboratory test analysis was carried out.Reasonable engineering sites were selected to carry out trench wave seismic transmission and reflection exploration.Finally,combined with trench wave velocity method and energy method,the subsidence was delineated.The applicability of this method to precise exploration of collapse column was studied through comparison of exploration results.The results showed that the trough wave velocity of the collapse column was closely related to its fracture development and cementation degree,and it was difficult to define the abnormal value accurately.In the energy analysis of the trough wave transmission method,the amplitude of the trough wave of the collapse column attenuates seriously,and the development range of the collapse column can be delineated accurately according to the attenuation coefficient and the corresponding calculation method.The surface was intact,and the angle between the surface and the coal seam was suitable.The boundary of the collapse column can be delineated accurately by the velocity analysis of trough wave reflection method.Therefore,trench wave seismic exploration has a good effect on the detection of subsidence column structure,and can effectively guide the safe production of the mine.

关 键 词：煤矿 陷落柱 槽波地震勘探 透射法 反射法 

分 类 号：TD326[矿业工程—矿井建设]