武汉城市湖泊动态变化与汛期排渍影响分析  

Dynamic Changes of Urban Lakes and Impact Analysis of Waterlogging Drainage in Flood Season in Wuhan City

作　　者：孟丹[1] 张志 帅爽 穆超[1] 谢菲[1] MENG Dan

机构地区：[1]湖北省国土测绘院,湖北武汉430010 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2019年第1期105-110,125,共7页Geospatial Information

基　　金：江汉平原遥感地质综合调查资助项目(12120113003100)

摘　　要：城市湖泊具有生物栖息地、调蓄洪水和生产等功能,与人类活动和城市的持续发展息息相关。以武汉市环线为研究区,选取1999年航片、2009年Quick Bird数据和2016年GF-1卫星数据3期遥感数据,根据湖泊景观变化模型,构建了湖泊面积萎缩率、湖泊斑块分维数和湖泊破碎度3个指标,对47个主要湖泊的空间面积、湖泊形态以及破碎程度进行了系统分析。结果表明:(1) 1999～2016年武汉城市湖泊面积呈萎缩趋势,人为活动干扰较强,但有一定的遏制;(2)从二环线至外环线,武汉城市湖泊面积萎缩类型由建筑用地侵占向围湖成塘转变,与城市化进程中土地利用的转移状况相同;(3)湖泊萎缩区域与城区汛期渍水存在极强的相关性,渍水严重地区湖泊萎缩较显著。因此,做好城市湖泊的生态环境保护,树立人与自然和谐相处的理念,促进湖泊资源的可持续利用是未来的发展方向。Urban lake has biological habitat, flood storage and production function, it is closely related with human activities and the city’s sustainable development. In this study, selecting three periods of remote sensing data of 1999 aerial photograph, 2009 Quick Bird data and 2016 GF-1 data in Wuhan City, based on landscape change model of lake, we constructed the lake area shrinkage rate, the patch fractal dimension and fragmentation, to analysis the spatial area, morphology and fragmentation of 47 lakes in Wuhan City. The results show that ①Wuhan urban lake area has a shrinking trend and a strong interference of human activities, at the same time there is a certain curb from 1999 to 2016.②From the second ring to the outer ring road, the reducing area occupied by the construction land becomes to pond, the same to the transfer of land use in the process of urbanization.③There is a strong correlation between lake shrinking and the waterlogging drainage in flood season. In area with serious waterlogging, the lake shrinking is more significant. Therefore, it is the future development direction to do well the ecological environment protection of urban lake, establish the concept of harmonious coexistence between human and nature, and promote the sustainable utilization of lake resource.

关 键 词：武汉市 城市湖泊 湖泊景观变化 遥感 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]