温度、盐度和体质量对钝缀锦蛤滤食率和同化率的影响  

Effects of Temperature,Salinity and Body Weight on Filtration and Assimilation Rates of Clam Tapes dorsatus

作　　者：杨家林[1] 邹杰[1] 彭慧婧[1] YANG Jialin;ZOU Jie;PENG Huijing(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology,Guangxi Institute of Oceanology,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西海洋研究所广西海洋生物技术重点实验室,广西北海536000

出　　处：《水产科学》2019年第1期104-108,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380104)

摘　　要：为探明钝缀锦蛤的摄食生理,以北海近海人工中间培育和养殖的钝缀锦蛤为试验材料,室内条件下采用试验生态法研究温度、盐度和体质量对钝缀锦蛤滤食率与同化率的影响。试验结果表明,在温度17～33℃条件下,滤食率随温度的升高,呈先升后降的趋势,滤食率(y)与水温(x)之间的回归方程为y=-4.338×10^(-3) x^3+0.311x2-6.915x+49(r2=0.999),同化率随着温度的升高而增大,温度对同化率的影响显著(P<0.01);在盐度18～33条件下,滤食率随盐度的升高呈先增后降的趋势,盐度27～30时保持较高的滤食率,滤食率(y)与盐度(x)之间的回归方程为y=-0.027x^2+1.638x-19.52(r^2=0.994),同化率随盐度的升高而增大,盐度为30时同化率最高,盐度对同化率的影响显著(P<0.01);滤食率随体质量增加而降低,体质量对同化率影响不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,钝缀锦蛤属典型热带和亚热带种群品种,适宜生活在温度和盐度较稳定的潮下带区域,非广温广盐性贝类。The effects of temperature,salinity and body weight on filtration rate and assimilation rate were studied in clam Tapes dorsatus held and cultured in Beihai coastal waters in a laboratory using experimental ecological methods to understand the feeding physiology of the clam.The filtration rate was shown to be increased first and then decreased with increasing temperature from 17℃to 33℃,with the regression equation between filtration rate(y)and temperature(x)as y=-4.338×10-3 x 3+0.311 x 2-6.915 x+49(r 2=0.999).The assimilation rate was found to be increased with warming temperature,temperature affecting on the assimilation rate significantly(P<0.01),the filtration rate was increased first and then decreased with increase in salinity from 18 to 33,high filtration rate at a salinity of 27-30,the regression equation between filtration rate(y)and salinity(x)as y=-0.027 x 2+1.638 x-19.52(r 2=0.994).The assimilation rate was increased with increase in salinity,and salinity affected the assimilation rate very significantly(P<0.01),with the maximum at salinity 30.The filtration rate was decreased with increase in body weight which had no significant effect on the assimilation rate(P>0.05).In conclusion,T.dorsatus as a typical tropical and subtropical clam,not an euryhaline and eurythermic shellfish,is adaptable for live in subtidal zone with stable temperature and salinity.

关 键 词：钝缀锦蛤 温度 盐度 体质量 滤食率 同化率 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]