北热带石灰岩地区5种常见鸟类的巢特征和巢材组成  

Nest Characteristics and Material Components of 5Common Bird Species in a North-Tropical Limestone Area

作　　者：谢乔 余丽江[2] 陆舟[2] 蒋爱伍[1] XIE Qiao;YU Lijiang;LU Zhou;JIANG Aiwu(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning,530005,China;College of Animal Sciences and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning,530005,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,南宁530005 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530005

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2019年第1期98-102,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460567);广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFAA139093)

摘　　要：2017年4～6月根据系统搜寻法和对亲鸟衔草叼虫等行为的观察,在弄岗搜寻鸟巢。幼鸟离巢后,将巢取回。对取回的黑枕王鹟(n=8)、黄腹山鹪莺(n=4)、长尾缝叶莺(n=5)、黄腹花蜜鸟(n=4)和凤头鹀(n=5)共计26巢的结构特征和巢材组分进行分析,发现:凤头鹀巢内外直径和巢杯容积均极显著大于另外4种(P <0. 01)。另4种中,黑枕王鹟体型稍大,但巢大小无明显差异。体型越大的鸟筑的巢越大,但巢类型和巢材属性也会影响巢大小。巢材选择是筑巢中的重要环节,鸟类根据利弊权衡和所处环境调整巢材种类,在弄岗,雨水是鸟类利用巢材的主要选择压力。We conducted a systematic search for bird nests and looked for indication of nest sites such as birds holding food items or grass in their beaks at Nonggang,Guangxi,China from April to June in 2017.After chicks fledged,we collected all nests for measurement of basic properties and analyses of the nest materials.Totally,we collected 26 nests,including nests of Hypothymis azurea(n=8),Prinia flaviventris(n=4),Orthotomus sutorius(n=5),Cinnyris jugularis(n=4)and Emberiza lathami(n=5).The inner and outer nest diameters and nest-cup volumes of Emberiza lathami were significantly larger than the others(P<0.01),and Hypothymis azurea,the species of largest body size,did not build the largest nest.Nest size depended on female size,but was also influenced by nest type and nest materials.Choice of nest materials was an important step in nest-building.Besides genetic constraints,choices of nest materials depended on the benefit-risk balance and their environment.Rainfall was the strongest selective pressure for birds to make the choice in Nonggang.

关 键 词：鸟类 筑巢 巢材 繁殖投入 选择压力 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]