武汉市黄陂区青头潜鸭繁殖生态观察初报  

Reproduction of Baer's Pochard( Aythya baeri) in Huangpi District,Wuhan City

作　　者：王雪峰 颜军 魏斌 谭军 WANG Xuefeng;YAN Jun;WEI Bin;TAN Jun(Wuhan Bird Watching Association,Wuhan,430056,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市观鸟协会,武汉430056

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2019年第1期190-195,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：阿拉善SEE基金会任鸟飞民间网络保护项目(20170512)

摘　　要：2018年4～6月,在武汉市黄陂区境内对青头潜鸭的繁殖行为进行了初步观察,以了解青头潜鸭在该区域的繁殖生境、繁殖行为及繁殖受胁情况等。采用定点观察法观察繁殖前期行为,对2巢青头潜鸭采用录像监控法记录孵化行为及出雏情况。测量了2巢及卵特征参数。发现青头潜鸭4月中旬开始分群,求偶交配,5月初基本完成配对,6月下旬出雏。巢为圆形碗状水面浮巢,巢材主要为草叶及草茎,巢内径(13. 5±7. 78) cm,巢外径(35. 5±6. 36) cm,巢高(21. 5±4. 95) cm,巢深(9. 5±0. 71) cm,窝卵数8～9枚,平均(8. 5±0. 71)枚(n=2);平均卵重(37. 32±4. 82) g,卵长径(50. 94±1. 75) mm,卵短径(37. 32±1. 41) mm(n=17)。孵卵期23～27 d,孵化率为17. 6%。青头潜鸭繁殖受人类活动干扰威胁较为严重,应当加大保护力度。From April to June 2018,we monitored the breeding behavior of baer s pochard(Aythya baeri)in Huangpi district,Wuhan city,to understand its breeding habitat and behavior,and threats to its conservation in this area.The pre-breeding behavior of baer s pochard from two nests was observed by fixed point observation,and the brooding behavior and hatching condition were recorded by video monitoring.The parameters of two nests and the eggs were measured.Baer s pochard began to divide into groups,court,and mate in mid-April,and pairs were established by early May.Eggs hatched in late June.The nest was circular and bowl-shaped,and floated on the water surface,Nests were mainly made of grass leaves and stems.The inner diameter of the nest was 13.5±7.8 cm,and the outer diameter was 35.5±6.4 cm.The height of the nest was 21.5±5 cm,and the depth was 9.5±0.7 cm.Clutch size was eight to nine,with an average of 8.5±0.7 eggs(n=2);the average weight of the egg was 37.3±4.8 g;average major axis length was 50.9±1.8 mm;minor axis length was 37.3±1.4 mm(n=17).The incubation period was about 23 to 27 days and the hatching rate was 17.6%.The reproduction of baer s pochard was seriously interfered and threatened by human activities and the efforts of protection should be enhanced.

关 键 词：青头潜鸭 繁殖生态 孵卵行为 武汉黄陂 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]