油藏内源微生物演替规律及其对驱油效果的影响  

Succession of indigenous microbe in reservoirs and its effect on displacement efficiency

作　　者：胡婧[1,2] 束青林 孙刚正[1,2] 刘涛 宋永亭[1,2] 曹嫣镔[1,2] 汪卫东 HU Jing;SHU Qinglin;SUN Gangzheng;LIU Tao;SONG Yongting;CAO Yanbin;WANG Weidong(Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute,Shengli Olifield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China;Key Laboratory of Microbial Oil Recovery,SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China;Shengli Olifield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257000 [2]中国石化微生物采油重点实验室,山东东营257000 [3]中国石化胜利油田分公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第1期108-114,共7页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA064401);中国石化科技攻关项目(P16101)

摘　　要：利用长岩心连续动态驱替实验模拟现场微生物驱油过程,通过高通量测序及荧光定量PCR技术定量描述物模驱出液菌群结构、多样性指数及驱油功能细菌浓度的动态变化规律,并分析生物特征动态变化规律与含水率变化之间的对应关系。结果表明:激活剂多轮次段塞注入方式下,内源菌群呈现连续动态演替变化,菌群结构趋于简单化,多样性指数逐渐降低,不动杆菌、厌氧小杆菌及甲烷嗜热杆菌逐渐成为群落中的优势菌属;内源总细菌浓度及驱油功能细菌浓度随激活剂的注入逐渐升高,在时间尺度上存在明显的好氧、兼性及厌氧驱油功能菌级联激活规律,厌氧产甲烷古菌激活时整个代谢链被启动,驱油效率最高;在兼性及厌氧驱油功能细菌浓度提高2个数量级后,产出液细菌群落多样性指数与含水率变化之间存在明显的相关性,可以作为内源微生物驱油生物特征指标,指导内源微生物驱油现场效果的分析及方案的针对性调整。The continuous flooding test with long core was used to simulate the field flooding process of MEOR.The high-throughput sequencing and fluorescent quantitative PCR technique were employed to quantitively characterize the dynamic changes of the structure of microbial community,the diversity index and the concentration of functional bacteria.And the correlation between the dynamic changes of the microbe and the water content changes was analyzed.The results show that under the multiple rounds of slug injection of activator the structure of microbial community presents continuous dynamic succession,the community structure tends to be simplified,and the diversity index reduces gradually.Acinetobacter,Anaerobaculum and Methanothermobacter gradually become to the predominant bacteria in the community.The concentration of endogenous microorganisms and the functional bacteria gradually increase with the injection of activator.There are obvious rules of cascade activation of aerobic,facultative and anaerobic bacteria in the time scale.The whole metabolic chain is activated by the activation of the methanogen and the oil displacement efficiency is the highest.It is also found that there is a significant positive correlation between microbial community diversity and water cut when the concentration of the facultative and anaerobic functional bacteria is increased by 2 orders of magnitude,which can be used as a key biological indicator to guide field effect analysis and scheme adjustment.

关 键 词：内源微生物驱油 长岩心 动态连续驱替 微生物特征 驱替效率 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]