南京城郊麻栎林林内外温湿度变化特征  

Variation characteristics of temperture and humidity inside and outside the Quercus acutissima forest in Nanjing outskirts

作　　者：庄家尧[1,2] 葛波[1,2] 杜妍 凡国华[1,2] 常猛 张金池[1,2] 仲兆林[3] ZHUANG Jiayao;GE Bo;DU Yan;FAN Guohua;CHANG Meng;ZHANG Jinchi;ZHONG Zhaolin(Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Hydrology and Water Resources Investigation Bureau of Changzhou City,Changzhou 213001,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学水土保持与生态修复实验室,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [3]江苏省水文水资源勘测局常州分局,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2019年第1期62-69,共8页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金："十三五"国家科技重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505506);江苏省高等学校林学优势学科建设项目(164010641)

摘　　要：2012年1-12月,通过定位监测麻栎Quercus acutissima林林内外温湿度,探究林分对空气温湿度的调节作用。选取45 a树龄的麻栎林为研究对象,以裸地作为对照组,在麻栎林、裸地样地中选择光照条件、土壤状况一致的试验点,使用Decagon自动气象站收集温湿度数据,分析并建立回归方程,并分季节、时间段进行均值检验。研究表明:(1)林内外温度日变化曲线为抛物线型,相对湿度日变化曲线为U型,林内外温湿度日变化呈对称关系。(2)麻栎林处在生长旺季时,林内温湿度变化幅度小于林外, 5-8月麻栎林降温作用最显著, 8月麻栎林增湿作用最显著。(3)从全年来看,麻栎林全年降温13 661.4℃,季节温度林内外差值夏季>春季>冬季>秋季。较裸地全年相对湿度增加41 769.69%,季节相对湿度林内外差值夏季>秋季>春季>冬季。对比夏季不同时段温湿度相关性,14:00温湿度变化相关性显著,全年气温林内(y)和林外(x)的线性回归方程为y=0.886 6x+1.207 6, R^2=0.972 3。全年相对湿度林内(y)和林外(x)的线性回归方程为y=0.961 8x+0.042 3, R^2=0.978 0。结合全年观测数据进行均值检验,全年林内外温湿度变化不显著,夏季林内外相对湿度变化显著,对比夏季不同时段温湿度相关性,在中午时分麻栎林降温增湿作用较显著。From January 2012 to December 2012,we monitored the temperature and humidity of Quercus acutissima forest in Nanjing Tongshan Forest Farm.The nudation was used as the control group to study the changes of temperature and humidity inside and outside the Q.acutissima forest,for analyzing its cooling and humidification effect.Results show that:The diurnal variation curve of temperature inside and outside the forest showed changes of a"parabolic curve"while the diurnal variation curve of humidity showed a U-shape.During the growing season of Q.acutissima forest,the monthly variation range of temperature and humidity inside the forest was less than that outside the forest.The cooling effect of the Q.acutissima forest from May-August is the most significant.In a year,the cumulative temperature inside the Q.acutissima forest had a drop of 13661.4℃ than that outside the forest.The temperature difference between that inside and outside the forest in four season is as follows:summer>spring>winter>autumn.The annual RH inside the forest increased by 417.7% compared with that outside the forest.The RH difference between that inside and outside the forest in four seasons is as follows:summer>spring>autumn>winter.The internal(y)and external(x)temperature showed outstanding linear regression equation:y=0.8866x+1.2076,R^2=0.9723,as well as the humidity inside(y)and outside(x)the forest.That is:y=0.9618x+0.0423,R^2=0.9780.The annual average temperature and humidity inside the forest were not significantly changed compared with that outside the forest.The humidity inside the forest changed significantly during the summer compared with that outside the forest.Exceptionally,for different periods in a day,the temperature and humidity inside the forest changed the most significantly and also showed the most significant colling effect,at 12:00-14:00 periods compared with that outside the forest.[Ch,10 fig.3 tab.14 ref.].

关 键 词：森林气象学 林内外气温 林内外相对湿度 湿润度 麻栎林 

分 类 号：S716.2[农业科学—林学]