3DMAX三维建模精度分析  

The Precision Analysis of 3D Modeling on 3DMax

作　　者：刘莎[1] 张志华 冯上朝[1] LIU Sha;ZHANG Zhihua;FENG Shangchao(Department of Surveying and Mapping Engineering,Shaanxi Railway Institute,Weinan Shaanxi 714000,China;Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西铁路工程职业技术学院测绘工程系,陕西渭南714000 [2]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《北京测绘》2019年第1期58-61,共4页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41401050;61462059);金川公司-兰州交通大学预研基金(JCYY2013015);兰州交通大学青年科学基金(201501);甘肃省科技计划(1508RJZA064);陕西铁路职业技术学院科学研究基金(Ky2017-102)

摘　　要：三维建模是数字化城市建设中非常重要的内容,三维模型的精细程度直接决定着可视化的效果。为此,本文首先探讨了CAD底图精度,CAD数据主要用于构建模型主体结构和控制模型的平面精度,其精度要求主要表现在空间和时间上与现实的一致性;分析了纹理制作及粘贴精度,纹理作为精细模型外在的直观表现,所有数据均需来自现状照片,其精度除主观判定以外,也可以依靠纹理分辨率与LOD之间的相互关系来进行推理。详细研究了建筑物三维模型高度的精度及地形高度精准性,并给出精度评定方法。建筑物的高度信息,需用LiDAR获取地表高程信息。首先获取地表LiDAR数据,然后根据CAD数据可提供的建筑物平面坐标数据,内插对应的地表LiDAR数据,求出建筑物的高度信息。通过实际采集的数据并应用于相关案例,验证了本文所提方法的有效性,为建筑物三维建模精度评定提供借鉴。Three-dimensional modeling is a very important part of the contents of the digital city construction,and precision of 3D model directly determines the visual effects.For this reason,the paper first discussed the accuracy of CAD map,CAD data,which are mainly used to construct the model of the main structure and control the accuracy of the model,the accuracy requirement is mainly manifested in the consistency with reality in space and time;The precision of texture production and paste is analyzed.The external visual representation of texture as a fine model,all data must come from the current picture,in addition to the subjective judgment,the precision can also be based on the relationship between the texture resolution and the LOD.Later,the paper studies accuracy on height of building 3D model and height of terrain,and gives the method of accuracy evaluation.The height of the building,using LiDAR to obtain the surface elevation information.Firstly,the surface LiDAR data is obtained,then the building plane coordinate data can be provided according to the CAD data,and the height of the building can be obtained by interpolating the corresponding LiDARr data.Finally,the ejjectiveness of the proposed method is proved by actual data and application in the relevant cases.The paper provides reference for accuracy evaluation of building three-dimensional modeling.

关 键 词：计算机辅助设计(CAD)底图 纹理 三维模型高度 精度 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]