五种湿地植物组合对城市污水净化效果的模拟研究  

Simulate Study on the Purification Effect of Urban Sewage by Five Combinations of Wetland Plants

作　　者：李婷[1] 杨恒 潘远智[1] 周宇爝[1] 刘洋[2] 郭丽[1] LI Ting;YANG Heng;PAN Yuan-zhi;ZHOU Yu-jue;LIU Yang;GUO Li(College of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学风景园林学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学林学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2019年第1期107-113,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助项目(2016HH0047);国家级大学生创新性训练计划资助项目(1510626096)

摘　　要：为研究各植物生长状况及其对水体污染物的去除效果,筛选出净化效果优良的植物组合。选取旱伞草、马蹄莲、黄菖蒲、再力花、千屈菜、睡莲6种优势湿地植物构建5种组合,在室内静水条件下对比研究各植物组合生长状况及净化能力。结果表明:(1)各组合植物在污水中生长良好,生物量增长率均在45%以上。(2)五种植物组合对总氮(TN)、铵态氮(NH_4^+-N)、总磷(TP)的净化效果均较好,对pH改善作用明显。但植物组合的净化效果存在差异,其中,再力花+伞草+黄菖蒲+睡莲(T+C+I+N)、再力花+伞草+千屈菜(T+C+L)对TP的净化效果最好,最终去除率达99.21%、97.63%,而再力花+旱伞草+黄菖蒲(T+C+I)对TN的净化效果较好,最终去除率达99.01%;各组合对NH_4^+-N的去除表现差异不显著。(3)处理时间对植物组合的净化效果存在显著影响,30～36d时污水的净化效果最佳。综合评价表明,再力花+旱伞草+千屈菜(T+C+L)、伞草+再力花+黄菖蒲(T+C+I)的综合净化能力最强,且适应力强、景观效果佳,可作为最优植物组合应用于污水净化。In order to study the growth status of each plant and its removal effect on water pollutants,the plant combinations with good purification effect were screened out.Six kinds of dominant wetland plants,including Cyperus alternifolius(C),Zantedeschia aethiopica(Z),Iris pseudacorus(I),Thalia dealbata(T),Lythrum salicaria(L),and Nymphaea tetragona(N),were selected to construct five combinations,and then the growth status and purification capacity of five plant combinations were comparatively studied under the indoor hydrostatic conditions.The results showed that:(1)every plant combination grew well in the sewage,the growth rate was above 45%.(2)All of five plant combinations had good purification effects on total nitrogen(TN),ammonium nitrogen(NH4^+-N)and total phosphorus(TP),and had obvious effect on pH improvement.The degree of purification was different among different combinations,among them,the combinations of T+C+I+N and T+C+L had the best purification effect on TP,which final removal rate were 99.21%and 97.63%.T+C+I had the best purification effect on TN which final removal rate was 99.01%;there was no significant difference in NH+4-N removal performance among different combinations.(3)The processing time had significant influences on the purification ability of plant combinations,and the span time 30-36 d had the best purification effects.Comprehensive evaluation showed that the combinations of T+C+L and T+C+I had the strongest comprehensive purification ability,strong adaptability and good landscape effect,which could be used as the optimal plant combination for sewage purification.

关 键 词：植物组合 城市污水 氮磷 净化效果 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]