政府促进创业孵化的路径识别:张江、紫竹和五角场的多案例研究  

Paths on Government Behaviors of Promoting Entrepreneurship Incubation: Case Studies of ZhangJiang, ZiZhu, and WuJiaoChang

作　　者：孙洁[1] Sun Jie(Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院应用经济研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《上海经济》2019年第1期65-75,共11页Shanghai Economy

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目"小微文化企业孵化集聚的组织生态环境研究"(14CGL059);上海市2017年度"科技创新行动计划"软科学研究重点项目"政府促进创业孵化的路径与机制:基于张江;紫竹和五角场的比较"(17692106100)

摘　　要：以张江、紫竹和五角场这三个上海科创中心建设重要承载区作为政府促进创业孵化的典型案例进行比较研究,探讨在国家战略辐射、高新技术转化、高校知识溢出、创新城区建设等不同影响作用下政府促进创业孵化的路径差异。研究发现,创业具有特定的区域属性,其正外部性和公共性决定了它需要政府扶持。政府促进创业孵化的路径有三个层面:具有普惠意义的调节性政府行为;具有选择意义的保护性政府行为,重点扶持战略引导型行业企业、特定的创业人群等;具有阶段意义的生产性政府行为,但可能随着项目推进发生变化。从政府支持逐步转向市场激励是促进创业孵化的内在逻辑,但每一步的制度变迁都伴随政府推动。This paper studies different paths on government behaviors of promoting entrepreneurship incubation under the influence of national strategy, high-tech transformation, the knowledge spillover and innovative urban construction, using Zhang Jiang, Zizhu and Wujiaochang these three regional practices as typical cases. It is found that entrepreneurship has specific regional attributes, and its positive externality and public nature determine that it needs government support. Paths on government behaviors of promoting entrepreneurship incubation have three aspects: regulatory government behaviors with universal significance, protective government behaviors which focus on supporting the strategic guidance industries and specific business groups, productive government behaviors which may change as the project moves. The gradual shift from government support to market incentives is the inherent logic of promoting entrepreneurial incubation. But any change in every step is promoted by the government.

关 键 词：创业孵化 政府行为 路径 案例研究 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济]