基于高分辨率数值模拟的杭州市通风廊道气象效应研究  

A Study on Meteorological Effect of the Hangzhou Ventilation Corridors Based on High Resolution Numerical Simulation

作　　者：刘红年[1] 贺晓冬[2] 苗世光[2] 俞布[3] 危良华[4] 王学远[1] LIU Hongnian;HE Xiaodong;MIAO Shiguang;YU Bu;WEI Lianghua;WANG Xueyuan(School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023;Institute of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100089;Hangzhou Meteorological Office,Hangzhou 310008;Institute of Architecture Design and Planning,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014)

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210023 [2]中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [3]杭州市气象局,杭州310008 [4]浙江工业大学建筑规划设计研究院,杭州310014

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2019年第1期22-36,共15页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目41575141;北京市自然科学基金项目8184071;北京市科技计划课题Z161100001116065;杭州市气象局项目CTZB-F150604GWZ~~

摘　　要：城市通风廊道能增加城市空气流通能力,缓解城市热岛,为了定量评估城市通风廊道的气象效应,本文采用区域边界层化学模式(RBLM-Chem),利用杭州市高分辨率地表类型、城市建筑等资料,开展了杭州市通风廊道影响的模拟研究,模式水平分辨率为250 m。本文针对冬季和夏季两个典型个例进行数值模拟和敏感性试验,夏季个例时间为2013年8月12日,盛行南风,风向顺着通风廊道;冬季个例时间为2014年1月28日,盛行东风,风向垂直于通风廊道。主要结论如下:城市绿色通风廊道有增加风速、降低气温、提高湿度的作用,与没有通风廊道的情况相比,夏季风顺着廊道方向时,廊道区域风速平均增加可达1.4 m/s,廊道区域内60 m高度风速平均增加可达1 m/s。而冬季风垂直于廊道时,廊道区域风速增加较小,仅有0.5 m/s左右。通风廊道夏季降温幅度平均可达2.7°C,冬季降温幅度较小,仅有0.6°C左右。通风廊道对气象场的影响随风向向下游延伸,夏季在通风廊道下游250 m处,风速增加、气温下降、相对湿度增加最大值分别为1.5 m/s、2.9°C、3.1%,即使在通风廊道下游1500 m处,最大降温仍有1.2°C。Urban ventilation corridors can increase urban air liquidity capacity and relieve the urban heat island.In order to quantitatively evaluate the meteorological effects of urban ventilation corridors,the regional boundary layer chemistry model(RBLM-Chem)was used to analyze meteorological effects of the ventilation corridor under different weather types based on the dataset of high resolution surface types and urban buildings in Hangzhou.The horizontal resolution of the model is 250 m.The results indicate that the urban ventilation corridor can increase wind speed,decrease temperature,and increase humidity.Compared with the situation that the ventilation corridor is absent,wind speeds at the surface and 60-m height in the corridor area increase by 1.4m/s and 1m/s,respectively.In the summer,temperature in the corridor area can decrease by 2.7℃ due to the cooling effect of the ventilation corridor.This value is much higher than that in winter,which is only about 0.6℃.At 250-m downstream of the ventilation corridor,the maximum values of the increments of wind speed,temperature,and relative humidity are 1.5m/s,-2.9℃ and 3.1%,respectively.Even at 1500-m downstream of the ventilation corridor,the maximum temperature increments can still reach up to-1.2℃.

关 键 词：杭州 城市气候 城市通风廊道 RBLM-Chem模式 

分 类 号：P461.8[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]