结直肠恶性肿瘤患者术中压力性溃疡发生特点及预防策略  

The characteristics and prevention strategies of pressure ulcers in patients with colorectal cancer

作　　者：包宇 单敏红[1] 邱礼荣[1] 王合[1] 周丽娟[1] Bao Yu;Shan Minhong;Qiu Lirong;Wang He;Zhou Lijuan(The Operating Room,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院手术室,150001

出　　处：《中华结直肠疾病电子杂志》2019年第1期100-102,共3页Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的探究结直肠癌根治手术术中压力性溃疡发生发展的特点,指导术中压力性溃疡护理,减轻患者痛苦,避免压力性溃疡发生,缩短住院时间。方法以哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院2016年1月至2017年12月术中发生压力性溃疡的35例结直肠癌根治手术患者为主要研究对象,分析术中压力性溃疡发生患者的临床相关信息。结果结直肠癌根治手术压力性溃疡发生率为1.44%,患者年龄≥60岁相比<60岁更易发生术中压力性溃疡(χ2=26.617,P <0.001),压力性溃疡部位最常见于骶尾部,以1期患者为主。患者手术时间≥4小时相比<4小时发生手术压力性溃疡的风险明显更高(χ2=76.452,P <0.001),差异有统计学意义。结论手术时长和年龄是压力性溃疡发生的明确危险因素,如能缩短手术时长,注意调整高龄患者术前的营养状态可减少压力性溃疡的发生。Objective To explore the characteristic of occurrence and development of pressure ulcers during radical resection of colorectal cancer,and guide intraoperative pressure ulcers nursing,relieve patients′pain,avoid the appearance of pressure ulcers,shorten hospital stays.Methods A study was carried out in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2016 to December 2017.A total of thirty five patients who had radical resection of colorectal cancer was analysed about the clinical information of intraoperative pressure ulcer.Results The overall incidence of intraoperative pressure ulcer during radical resection of colorectal cancer was 1.44%,and the ratio of patients that were more than sixty years old was higher(χ^2=26.617,P<0.001)than that of under sixty years old.Predilection site was sacrococcygeal region,and most of intraoperative pressure ulcers were stage 1.Patients with more than four hours of surgery had significantly higher risk of pressure ulcers than patients within four hours of surgery(χ^2=76.452,P<0.001),the difference was statistical significance.Conclusion Duration time of the operation and advanced age were the remarkable risks of pressure ulcers.And the appearance of pressure ulcers would be reduced,if time of the operation was shortened and preoperative nutritional support was adjusted.

关 键 词：结直肠肿瘤 压力性溃疡 根治性手术 截石位 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]