半水磷石膏充填体离子固化与尺寸效应  

Ionic solidification and size effect of hemihydrate phosphogypsum backfill

作　　者：兰文涛 吴爱祥[1,2] 王贻明[1,2] 王佳才 李剑秋 LAN Wen-tao;WU Ai-xiang;WANG Yi-ming;WANG Jia-cai(School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China;State Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Beijing100083, China;Guizhou Chuanheng Chemical Corporation, Fuquan 550500, China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]贵州川恒化工股份有限公司,贵州福泉550500

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2019年第1期210-218,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50578020)

摘　　要：针对磷石膏堆存所产生的环境污染问题,提出以无害化处理后的半水磷石膏(HPG)作为矿山充填材料的解决方案.以渗透试验、物性测试试验和化学成分测定等试验为基础,研究了HPG在不同石灰掺量、不同尺寸、不同养护龄期条件下的毒性浸出和浸泡离子析出规律.结果表明,石灰添加量为2%时,HPG中的P、F等潜在有害元素固化效果最好,所制备的充填体试块3d单轴抗压强度可达7.4MPa;其抗渗透性相对于未添加石灰的HPG提高3000倍以上.通过浸泡实验测定了HPG在去离子水中的单位面积溶出速率,得出了暴露面积为4m^2时充填体中P、F、Ca^(2+)、SO_4^(2-)离子日均析出总量,分别为0.84、0.32、27.84、89.32g;同时发现HPG试块的离子析出具有尺寸效应,相同浸泡时间、固液比条件下,增大充填体尺寸可以减小离子析出速率.In view of the environmental pollution caused by the accumulation of phosphogypsum,a solution was proposed to treat the HPG as a filling material with innocuous treatment.Through osmosis test,physical property test and chemical composition analysis test of HPG,the regularity of elemental release was studied with different lime content,different size and different curing time.The results showed that adding 2%lime to HPG had the best curing effect on P,F or other potentially harmful elements in HPG,and the compressive strength of the prepared filling blocks could reach 7.4MPa in three days.At the same time,its penetration resistance increased by more than 3000times.The dissolution rate per unit area of HPG in deionized water was obtained by immersion test.When the exposed area of filling body is 4square meters,the total amount of P,F,Ca^2+and SO4^2-dissolved in water was 0.84,0.32,27.84 and 89.32g per day.It was also found that the ion dissolution of HPG specimens had a size effect.Under the same conditions of immersion time and solid-liquid ratio,increasing the size of backfill can reduce the ion dissolution rate.

关 键 词：半水磷石膏 离子固化 离子析出 尺寸效应 矿山充填 无害化处置 

分 类 号：X751[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]