基于FPGA与GPS的时间测量电路设计与实现  

Design and Realization of Time Measurement Based on FPGA and GPS

作　　者：尹俊[1,2] 倪发福 张建川 李运杰[1,2] 郑洋德 白晓[1,2] 张亚鹏 张鹏鸣 王彦瑜[1] ZHANG Yapeng;NI Fafu;ZHANG Jianchuan;LI Yunjie;ZHENG Yangde;BAI Xiao;ZHANG Pengming;WANG Yanyu(Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院近代物理研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2019年第1期151-157,共7页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11405227;11673047);中国科学院西部之光人才培养资助项目(Y532050XB0)

摘　　要：为宇宙射线缪子(μ子)测量实验设计了基于FPGA的高精度时间-数字转换器(TDC),结合TDC测量值与GPS提供的标准时间(UTC)精确记录了粒子事件的时间信息。TDC采用粗计数+细时间测量相结合的方式,用计数器实现动态范围大于1 s的粗时间测量;使用FPGA加法进位延时链构建时间内插完成了细时间测量,并借助Wave-Union与bin-by-bin方法提高时间分辨并改善非线性。实验室测试双边沿TDC的时间分辨为16.68 ps,时间测量精度(RMS)好于45 ps。测量结果表明,该TDC满足脉冲前沿时间甄别要求。A time-to-digital convertor (TDC) based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) was designed for the cosmic ray μ measurement experiment. The high-precision time provided by TDC and a coordinated universal time (UTC) timestamp from GPS were used to make an accurate record of particle event. The method combining a coarse counter with a dynamic range larger than 1 s and a fine time interpolation based on FPGA carry-in delay chain was adopted in the TDC. The Wave-Union method and bin-by-bin method were used to improve the time resolution and linearity. The measurement results show that the time resolution of a double-edge TDC is 16.68 ps, the time measurement accuracy (RMS) is better than 45 ps, and TDC is sufficient for the pulse leading edge time discrimination.

关 键 词：宇宙射线缪子测量 FPGA 时间-数字转换器 GPS 

分 类 号：TN709[电子电信—电路与系统]